云南省2016-2018年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验及疫苗补种情况分析  

Vaccination certificate verification and re-vaccination status of children at admission to nurseries and primary schools in Yunnan Province, 2016-2018

作　　者：邓淑珍[1] 常利涛[1] 王衡[2] 黄达峰[1] 张丽芳[1] 韦蝶心[1] 刘春艳[1] DENG Shu-zhen;CHANG Li-tao;WANG Heng;HUANG Da-feng;ZHANG Li-fang;WEI Die-xin;LIU Chun-yan(Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming,Yunnan 650002,China;Erqi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650002 [2]郑州市二七区疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2020年第12期1479-1482,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2016-2018年云南省入托、入学儿童预防接种证查验情况,为提高入托、入学儿童疫苗接种率、补种率和加强学校传染病预防控制提供科学依据。方法收集本省2016-2018年的入托、入学儿童预防接种证查验、疫苗补种和督导资料,运用描述流行病学统计方法进行分析。结果云南省入托、入学机构和儿童接种证查验率分别为99.83%、99.44%,持证率为97.78%,补证率为91.92%,平均全程接种率为71.28%,需补种率为28.72%,平均每人有2.12剂次遗漏;免疫规划10种疫苗补种率总体为60.94%,其中,卡介苗(24.02%)补种率最低,3年来,含麻疹成分、百白破和A群流脑疫苗补种率呈降低趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4 297.718、39.827、665.308;P<0.01);3年间查验率、持证率、补证率总体呈现逐年升高的趋势(r=0.052,P=0.00);全省16个州、市之间全程接种率保山市最高,为86.68%,最低版纳州,为50.66%,红河州儿童疫苗补种率最低,仅为25.42%;持证率、补种率幼儿园高于小学,补种率小学逐年呈上升趋势,而幼儿园有下降趋势,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论云南省入托、入学儿童接种证查验工作的薄弱环节为补种率低,学校和社区卫生院应督促、追踪补种工作,尤其要做好插班生、转班生和流动儿童的补种工作。Objective To analyze the status of examining vaccination certificate among children at admission to kindergartens and primary schools in Yunnan Province from 2016 to 2018, and to provide a scientific basis for improving the rates of vaccination and re-vaccination and strengthening infectious disease prevention and control in schools. Methods We collected the data about vaccination certificate verification, re-vaccination of vaccines and related supervision among children at the age of enrolling nurseries and primary schools in Yunnan Province in 2016-2018. Descriptive epidemiological method was used for statistical analysis. Results The verification rates of vaccination certificate in kindergartens & elementary schools and children enrolled in nurseries and primary schools in Yunnan Province were 99.83% and 99.44%, respectively. The possession rate of vaccination certificate was 97.78%, and the supplemental vaccination rate was 91.92%. The average rate of full-course vaccination was 71.28%, and the rate of supplemental vaccination required was 28.72%. 2.12 doses per person were missed. The overall supplemental vaccination rate about the 10 vaccines in the immunization program was 60.94%, of which the supplemental vaccination rate about Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG) vaccine was the lowest(24.02%). The supplemental vaccination rate about vaccine containing measles, diphtheria and group A showed a downward tendency during the 3-year period, with statistically significant differences(χ^2=4,297.718, χ^2=39.827, χ^2=665.308;P<0.01). The verification, possession and supplement rates of vaccination certificate during the 3-year period showed an increasing tendency year by year(r=0.052, P=0.00). Among 16 prefectures and cities in the province, the rate of full-course vaccination was found to be the highest in Baoshan City(86.68%), but the lowest in Banna Prefecture(50.66%). The supplemental vaccination rate in children from Honghe Prefecture was the lowest, only 25.42%. The possession rate of vaccination certificate an

关 键 词：入学入托 接种证查验 免疫规划 疫苗 补种 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]