量子力学的哥本哈根解释  

COPENHAGEN INTERPRETATION OF QUANTUM MECHANICS

作　　者：黄永义[1] HUANG Yongyi(School of Physics,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710049)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学物理学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《物理与工程》2020年第6期3-11,14,共10页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：西安交通大学“名师、名课、名教材”建设工程项目(校2018);西安交通大学第二批“课程思政”示范课程项目(校2019)。

摘　　要：本文较详细地阐述了量子力学的哥本哈根解释,包括玻尔并协性原理和海森堡不确定原理、经典仪器、波函数坍缩、哥本哈根解释视角中的因果律。本文还列举了基于该解释的两个典型的测量实例:惠勒延迟选择实验和没有相互作用的相互作用;简要介绍了其他有影响力的量子力学解释:多世界解释、自洽历史理论、量子贝叶斯模型等。The paper demonstrates the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics in detail, including Bohr’s complementarity principle, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, the classical apparatus, the wavefunction collapse, the causality of the classical physics seen from the Copenhagen interpretation. It also presents the two typical measurement examples: Wheeler’s delayed choice thought experiment and interaction without interaction. Other influential interpretations of quantum mechanics are briefly introduced: the multi-worlds interpretation, the self-consistent histories approach and the quantum Bayesianism.

关 键 词：玻尔并协性原理 海森堡不确定原理 经典仪器 波函数坍缩 因果律 量子测量效应 

分 类 号：O413.1[理学—理论物理]