化学热机的广义卡诺效率  

GENERALIZED CARNOT EFFICIENCY OF CHEMICAL HEAT ENGINES

作　　者：苏山河[1] 陈金灿[1] SU Shanhe;CHEN Jincan(Department of Physics,Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian 361005)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学物理系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《物理与工程》2020年第6期12-14,共3页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11805159);高等学校热力学与统计物理课程教学研究项目(2019)。

摘　　要：在热机和化学机模型的基础上,建立工作在具有不同温度和化学势的两个热物质源间的化学热机模型,导出效率的一般表示式(即广义卡诺效率),由此推出一系列有意义的结果。发现化学热机的效率即可大于工作在相同温度跨度下热机的卡诺效率,又可大于工作在相同化学势跨度下化学机的可逆效率。进而阐明这些结果不违背卡诺定理,符合热力学第二定律。Based on the models of heat engines and chemical engines, a model of the chemical heat engine operating between two heat matter reservoirs with different temperatures and chemical potentials is established. A general expression of the efficiency(the generalized Carnot efficiency) is derived, from which a series of significant results are obtained. It is found that the efficiency of the chemical engine may be larger than the Carnot efficiency of the heat engine operating at the same temperature span or the reversible efficiency of the chemical engine operating at the same chemical potential span. Furthermore, it is expounded that these results do not violate Carnot’s theorem and conform to the second law of thermodynamics.

关 键 词：热机 化学机 化学热机 卡诺定理 效率 

分 类 号：O642.1[理学—物理化学]