基于数值法和经验法的砂土推运工作阻力修正  

Modification on working resistance of sand bulldozing based on numerical and empirical method

作　　者：贺雨田 吕彭民[2] 刘春朝[3] 郭龙龙 吴文[2] HE Yu-tian;LYE Peng-min;LIU Chun-chao;GUO Long-long;WU Wen(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Road Construction&Equipment of MOE,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,Shaanxi,China;Shantui Construction Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Jining 272073,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710065 [2]长安大学道路施工技术与装备教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710064 [3]山推工程机械股份有限公司,山东济宁272073

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期118-126,共9页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JM-295,2020JQ-786);道路施工技术与装备教育部重点实验室(长安大学)开放基金资助项目(300102258502,300102250501)。

摘　　要：通过对平面铲刀前堆积土壤的形态进行几何近似,并简化铲刀前堆积土壤与地面剪切强度的理论计算方法,建立了不考虑黏附力的工作阻力计算理论模型。以干性砂土为推运介质,以平面铲刀为作业工具,采用自行设计的试验装置开展土壤推运试验,平面铲刀在5种作业倾角和4种作业深度下,共完成土壤推运试验20组。采用建立的理论模型计算每组试验的工作阻力视为理论值,将试验推运稳定阶段的平均工作阻力视为实测值,并对每组试验工作阻力的理论值与实测值进行了对比分析。为了获得更为可靠的理论预测结果,采用数值法和经验法对理论值进行了修正计算,给出了数值修正系数和经验修正系数的确定方法,2个修正系数均为作业倾角α和作业深度d的函数。研究结果表明:当作业深度小于90 mm时,理论值与实测值存在一定误差,但理论值大于实测值,理论预测结果相对保守;当作业深度为120 mm时,理论值与实测值的误差不大,且理论值在实测值上下波动;当作业深度为150 mm时,且作业倾角小于80°,理论值与实测值的误差比较显著,此时,理论值小于实测值,理论预测结果不可靠;数值修正结果更接近实测值,但修正结果需要以实测数据为基础;经验修正结果更为保守,但计算方法相对简单。在工程实践中,可以根据实际需要采用不同修正方法对平面铲刀推运砂土的工作阻力进行计算。Based on geometric approximation of the heaped soil profile in front of the flat blade and calculation model simplification of shear strength between the heaped soil and ground, the theory calculation model of working resistance without influence of adhesive force was established. Twenty groups of soil bulldozing experiment for flat blades under 5 rake angles and 4 operating depths were completed in self-designed test equipment filled with sand soil. The working resistances of the bulldozing experiments calculated by the theory calculation model which were regard as theoretical values, and the average working resistances during bulldozing stabilization stage of each experiment which were regard as measured values. The comparisons between the theoretical values and the measured values were carried out. In order to obtain more reliable the theoretical prediction results, the theoretical values were modified by numerical method and empirical method. The calculation methods of numerical correction coefficient and empirical correction coefficient were given, and two correction coefficients are function of the rake angle α and the operating depth d. The results show that there is a certain errors between the theoretical values and the measured values when the operating depths less than 90 mm, but the theoretical values are greater than the measured values, therefore, the theoretical prediction results are relatively conservative. The errors between the theoretical values and the measured values are small at different rake angle when the operating depth is 120 mm, and the theoretical values fluctuated around the measured values. There are significant errors between theoretical values and measured values when working condition under the operating depth is 150 mm and rake angle less than 80 degree, at this time, the theoretical values are less than the measured values, and the theoretical prediction results are unreliable. The numerical modification results are closer to measured value, but the numerical modification val

关 键 词：机械工程 工作阻力 平面铲刀 土壤推运 砂土 修正 

分 类 号：U415.512[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]