基于SPH的通用航空器紧急迫降的安全飞行  

Analysis on Safe Flight of General Aircraft Emergency Landing

作　　者：李旦[1] 李秀易[1] 张凤霞 蒋维安[1] Li Dan;Li Xiuyi;Zhang Fengxia;Jiang Weian(Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307 Sichuan China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院,四川广汉618307

出　　处：《中国民航飞行学院学报》2021年第1期5-8,13,共5页Journal of Civil Aviation Flight University of China

基　　金：中国民用航空飞行学院重点项目(ZJ2020-07);中国民用航空飞行学院青年基金项目(Q2019-016)。

摘　　要：随着中国经济快速发展,综合国力不断增强,我国通用航空业获得前所未有的发展机遇,同时也带来通用航空器飞行安全问题,因此,如何提高航空器安全性已成为至关重要的研究课题。本文首先对通用航空紧急迫降飞行事故案例进行分析,结合WG30直升机全机水上冲击试验与PAM-CRASH软件数值模拟研究结果,采用SPH无网格法数值模拟技术,对通用类小型飞机在水面的冲击问题进行仿真,精确得到飞机水上迫降过程中着水速度、着水加速度以及着水姿态角变化情况,结果表明:T=400ms时刻,飞机出现姿态角峰值,约为33°,抬头力矩达到最大,在T=20ms时刻垂直方向速度出现峰值,最大值Vmax为1.4831m/s,满足民航规章中要求(迫降过程中垂直速度不超过1.524m/s)。仿真结果对研究通用航空器飞行安全提供技术参考,以提高通用航空器飞行安全性。With the rapid development of China's economy and the continuous enhancement of its comprehensive national strength,China's general aviation industry has obtained unprecedented opportunities for development,and at the same time it has also brought about the flight safety problems of general aircraft.Therefore,how to improve the safety of aircraft has become a crucial research topic.In this paper,the emergency landing flight accident cases of general aviation are analyzed firstly.Based on the results of the water impact test of the WG30 helicopter and the numerical simulation of PAM-CRASH software,SPH meshless numerical simulation technology is adopted to simulate the impact problem of general small aircraft on the water surface.The changes in landing speed,landing acceleration,and landing attitude angle during the water landing process of the aircraft are accurately obtained.The results show that T=400ms time.The aircraft has a peak attitude angle of about 33 degrees,and its head-up torque reaches the maximum.The vertical velocity has a peak value at time T=20ms,with the maximum value Vmax of 1.4831 m/s,which meets the requirements of civil aviation regulations(the vertical velocity does not exceed 1.524m/s during forced landing).The simulation results provide a technical reference for the research on the flight safety of general aircraft,to improve the flight safety of general aircraft.

关 键 词：通用航空 SPH无网格法 数值模拟 飞行安全性 

分 类 号：V328[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]