极近距离厚煤层房式采空区下综放开采覆岩破断失稳规律研究  

Roof fracture and instability law of overlying strata in fully mechanized caving mining in ultra-close thick coal seams under the room mining goaf

作　　者：汪北方 刘春保 梁冰[4] 张鑫磊 张晶 WANG Beifang;LIU Chunbao;LIANG Bing;ZHANG Xinlei;ZHANG Jing(School of Mines,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining,China Energy Investment,Beijing 100011,China;School of Mechanics and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000,China;School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000,China;School of Science,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]煤炭开采水资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,北京100011 [4]辽宁工程技术大学力学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [5]辽宁工程技术大学土木工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [6]辽宁工程技术大学理学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2020年第6期1180-1187,共8页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51704139);煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室开放研究基金项目(SKLCRSM18KF011);煤炭开采水资源保护与利用国家重点实验室开放研究基金项目(SHJT-17-42.7)。

摘　　要：论文选取北祖煤矿9205工作面为研究对象,采用相似实验与理论分析相结合的研究方法构建极近距离厚煤层综放工作面开采房式采空区顶板结构模型,揭示极近距离厚煤层综放工作面开采房式采空区顶板破断失稳规律,并给出有效防控措施。研究结果表明:9205工作面开采房式采空区顶板临时挤压铰接拱形断裂岩块发生逆向回转,工作面侧断裂岩块沿断裂面滑落,滑动摩擦力及覆岩重量快速转移至工作面前方房式采空区煤柱与超前支承压力叠加,煤柱突然破坏诱发顶板沿其边缘大面积切落,矿压显现剧烈。其间,工作面开采房式采空区顶板周期垮落步距较实体煤顶板略小;顶板房式采空区分布越密集,底板卸压状态越明显;顶板房式采空区煤柱群比单一煤柱底板应力集中现象显著。由此,从加强支架初撑力、提高推进速度、控制放顶强度和改变开采高度等方面提出极近距离厚煤层房式采空区下综放工作面开采顶板破断失稳来压防控措施,较好地保障了工作面安全、高效回采,为我国煤炭资源整合矿井类似条件顶板控制提供了宝贵的参考依据。With working face 9205 in Beizu coalmine as research object,through similar experiment and theory analysis,room mining goaf roof structure model in fully mechanized caving mining face of ultra-close coal seams was built,the room mining goaf roof fracture law was revealed,and the related effective prevention and control advices were proposed.The study results have shown that the roof of working face 9205 is temporarily squeezed and the hinged arch is reversely rotated,and the fractured roof rock on the side of the working face slips along the fracture surface.Sliding friction and strata weight are quickly transferred to coal pillar in room mining goaf ahead of working face,superimposed with abutment pressure,and the sudden destruction of coal pillars induces large area of roof cutting down along coal pillar edge,which consequently produces strong ground pressure.During this period,room mining goaf roof periodic caving interval is slightly smaller than that of the entity coal roof of working face.The denser room mining goaf distributed in roof,the more obvious floor relief.And stress concentration of coal pillar group floor in room mining goaf is more significant than single coal pillar.Therefore,measures are put forward to prevent and control ground pressure caused by room mining goaf roof fracture as fully mechanized caving mining in ultra-close coal seams from the aspects of reinforcing initial supporting force,improving the mining speed,controlling caving intensity and changing mining height,etc.It better guarantees the safety of the working face and efficiency of mining,and provides important reference for similar condition of roof control in coal resource integration coal mine in our country.

关 键 词：极近距离厚煤层 综放开采 房式采空区顶板 断裂岩块 强矿压显现 

分 类 号：TD821[矿业工程—煤矿开采]