汽车及典型部件全生命周期减量化技术专利布局分析  

Analysis of the Patent Layout of the Whole Life Cycle ReductionTechnology of Automobiles and Typical Components

作　　者：杨登才[1] 贾彦 刘自钦 YANG Dengcai;JIA Yan;LIU Ziqin(Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学,北京100124

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第S02期476-483,495,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1902701)。

摘　　要：为了厘清汽车及典型部件全生命周期减量化技术的发展趋势,本文借助Incopat专利分析工具对汽车及典型部件的生态设计、材料选取以及回收体系建设相关技术专利布局进行研究分析。分析结果表明,目前该领域的技术发展逐渐走向成熟;世界各国从生态设计角度出发都将研究的重点转向了新动力汽车,技术方向研究相对比较均衡;我国目前专利申请态势基本同世界保持一致,但在技术产业化发展方面尚不成熟。针对上述问题,我国在汽车及典型部件全生命周期减量化技术专利布局方面应当做出以下改进:第一,通过专利标准化战略助力专利布局,降低可拆卸部件的替换成本和报废率,让我国企业成为相关技术市场的主导者;第二,根据竞争对手的发展适时对专利布局进行调整,避免重复他人既有研发路线,发挥自身优势;第三,增强自主技术研发能力,为拓展新兴市场提供知识产权支撑;第四,加强创新主体之间的协同创新,解决新能源技术创新成本高、周期长、风险高的问题;第五,充分运用专利联盟战略,增加我国企业的议价能力和竞争综合实力。The article analyzes the ecological design,material selection and recycling system construction related technology patent layout of automobiles and typical components via Incopat,with the purpose to clarify the development trend of the whole life cycle reduction technology of automobiles and typical components.The analysis results show that the current technological development in this field is gradually becoming mature;all countries in the world have shifted their research focus to new-powered vehicles from the perspective of ecological design,and the research on technology directions is relatively balanced;the current patent application trend in China is basically consistent with the world,but it is not yet mature in terms of technological industrialization development.To resolve the above-mentioned issues,we should make the following improvements:First,make use of the patent standardization strategy to help the patent layout,thus reducing the replacement cost and replace cost of removable parts,by which companies become the leader in the relevant technology market.Second,adjust the patent layout in a timely manner according to the development of competitors,thus avoiding to repeat the existing research and development routes of others,and taking advantage of their own advantages.Third,strengthen independent technology research and development capabilities,provide intellectual property support to expanding emerging markets.Fourth,strengthen the collaborative innovation between innovation subjects,thus solving the issues of high cost,long cycle,and high risk of new energy technology innovation.Fifth,to make full use of the patent alliance strategy to increase the bargaining power and comprehensive competition of enterprises strength.

关 键 词：汽车及典型部件 全生命周期减量化技术 专利布局 发展趋势 

分 类 号：G255.53[文化科学—图书馆学] X-1[环境科学与工程]