琼西南柚木次生种源/家系多性状综合选择  

Comprehensive Selection with Multi-characters for Secondary Provenance/Family of Tectona grandis in Southwest Hainan

作　　者：梁坤南[1] 黄桂华[1] 林明平[1] 杨光[1] 王西洋 周再知[1] LIANG Kun-nan;HUANG Gui-hua;LIN Ming-ping;YANG Guang;WANG Xi-yang;ZHOU Zai-zhi(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Key Laboratory of Tropical Forestry Research,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Guangzhou 510520,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,热带林业研究国家林业和草原局重点实验室,广东广州510520

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2020年第6期13-22,共10页Forest Research

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发计划课题“柚木高效培育技术研究(2016YFD0600602)”。

摘　　要：[目的]通过对早期引种的柚木国内次生种源/家系生长、形质性状和适应性的综合评价,为当地选出最适宜生长的优良种源/家系。[方法]采用4株小区,8次重复的完全随机区组设计,对国内收集的19个柚木次生种源/家系4.5年生和30.5年生保存率、生长、形质性状进行方差分析和相关分析,根据聚类和多性状坐标综合评定法选出优良种源/家系。[结果]4.5年生和30.5年生种源/家系间保存率、生长和形质性状,除4.5年生保存率差异不显著外,其余均呈显著或极显著差异。4.5年生与30.5年生的各性状相关性不显著,但4.5年生、30.5年生内生长性状间、生长性状与干形和保存率呈显著或极显著的正相关;30.5年生生长性状和干形与采种地的纬度呈极显著正相关、与年平均气温呈显著或极显著负相关。聚类分析与多性状坐标综合评定出优良种源和优良家系各2个,30.5年生优势木单株材积分别比当地种源和当地最优家系提高了261.65%~291.29%和20.18%~26.11%,种源选择效果极显著。[结论]广州龙洞种源、云南芒市种源和2个云南畹町家系是最适宜海南西南部柚木生长的次生种源/家系,尤以对云南畹町林场的家系进一步的选择,增益更大。[Objective]Comprehensive evaluation on growth traits,quality traits and adaptability of domestic secondary provenance/family introduced previously was conducted to select superior provenance/family most suited to local growth.[Method]Designed by completely randomized blocks with 4 tree-plot and 8 replicates,19 secondary provenances/families of domestic teak species were analyzed by variance and correlation in survival rate,growth traits and quality traits of 4.5-year-old and 30.5-year-old trees to select superior secondary provenances/families according to clustering method and coordinate composite evaluation with multi-characters.[Result]There were significant or highly significant differences among provenances/families in survival rate,growth traits and quality traits of 4.5-year-old and 30.5-year-old trees except survival rate of 4.5-year-old trees.No significant correlation was found between 4.5-year-old trees and 30.5-year-old trees in all traits,however,there were significant or highly significant positive correlation among growth traits,between growth traits and survival rate,and between growths and stem form of among same aged trees.The growth traits and stem form were highly significant positive correlated with latitude of seed source and significant or high significant negative correlated with annual average temperature.Two secondary provenances and two secondary families were selected by cluster analysis and coordinate composite evaluation method,of which the individual volume of dominant tree of 30.5-year-old trees was higher than that of local provenance and local superior family increased by 261.65%-291.29%and 20.18%-26.11%respectively.Superior provenances had very remarkable effect on selection.[Conclusion]One provenance from Guangdong,one provenance from Yunnan and two families from Yunnan are identified as the teak provenances/family most suitable to be planted in southwest Hainan Province,and a further selection to the family from Yunnan will achieve greater gains.

关 键 词：柚木 次生种源/家系 多性状综合评价 

分 类 号：S722.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]