2株毛竹枯梢病拮抗细菌筛选及其促生功能  

Screening of Two Endophytic Bacteria from Phyllostachys edulis Root Against Ceratosphaeria phyllostachydis and Their Function of Growth-Promoting

作　　者：杨豆 王清海[2] 万松泽 李丽[2] 张扬[1] YANG Dou;WANG Qing-hai;WAN Song-ze;LI Li;ZHANG Yang(Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;Shandong Provincial Academy of Forestry,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国家林业和草原局鄱阳湖流域森林生态系统保护与修复重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]山东省林业科学研究院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2020年第6期139-147,共9页Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660190&41867007);江西省自然科学基金项目(20192BAB214019);山东省农业重大重大应用技术创新项目《山东省主要经济林木炭疽病专用新型生物菌剂的研制与应用》。

摘　　要：[目的]毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)是重要的经济林种,在生长过程中面临着枯梢病的发生和土壤养分缺乏的问题。为获得对毛竹枯梢病病原菌具有拮抗作用的优良菌株,分析其对毛竹的促生作用。[方法]采用组织分离法和稀释平板法从毛竹根系中分离出内生细菌,再用平板对峙法筛选出内生拮抗细菌,测定优良内生拮抗细菌的生长曲线、解磷能力及产吲哚乙酸(IAA)能力并对其进行种类鉴定。采用温室盆栽试验检验优良菌株对毛竹实生苗的促生作用。[结果]从毛竹根系中共分离到118株内生细菌,16株对竹喙球菌(Ceratosphaeria phyllostachydis)有抑菌活性。其中菌株PN1和PN6的抑菌活性最为显著,抑菌率分别为58.82%和49.28%,且这2株细菌均具有良好的解磷能力和产IAA能力,最大解磷量分别达至236.33 mg·L^−1和278.21 mg·L^−1,产IAA量分别为15.17 mg·L^−1和12.36 mg·L^−1。经形态学、生理生化特征和16S rDNA序列分析的结果显示,菌株PN1和PN6分别属于Burkholderia lata和Enterobacter ludwigii。盆栽结果显示,施用菌剂PN1和PN6后对毛竹生长均具有显著促生长作用。与对照相比,地径分别增加了39.51%和42.59%,苗高分别增加了54.42%和62.51%。[结论]筛选得到的菌株PN1和PN6均具有良好的防病和促生能力,是2株在抵抗毛竹枯梢病侵入和提高竹林生产力上有很好应用前景的菌株。[Objective]To obtain high efficient strains against Ceratosphaeria phyllostachydis from Phyllostachys edulis and evaluate their function of growth-promoting.[Method]The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the root of Ph.edulis by tissue separation and dilution plate method respectively.The antagonistic bacteria were screened by plate confrontation test.In addition,The growth curve,phosphate-dissolving ability and indoleacetic acid-producing ability of endophytic antagonistic bacteria were measured.Also,the effect of excellent strains on growth of Ph.edulis seeding were studied using soil pot experiment.[Result]A total of 118 endophytic bacteria were isolated from the root of Ph.edulis,16 of which had antibacterial activity against C.phyllostachydis.Among them,the strains PN1 and PN6 had the most significant antibacterial activity,with bacteriostatic rates of 58.82%and 49.28%,respectively.In addition,the two strains had well ability to dissolve insoluble phosphate and produce IAA,and showed the greatest ability to solubilize Ca3(PO4)2 with 236.33 mg·L^−1 and 278.21 mg·L^−1,respectively,and the capacity of IAA-producing were 15.17 mg·L^−1 and 12.36 mg·L^−1,respectively.Strains PN1 and PN6 were identified as Burkholderia lata and Enterobacter ludwigii through the analysis of 16S rDNA gene sequences and evaluation on their morphological,physical and biochemical characteristics.Meanwhile,the result of pot experiment showed that PN1 and PN6 had significant growth-promoting effect on Ph.edulis seedling,the ground diameter increased by 39.51%and 42.59%respectively,and the seedling height increased by 54.42%and 62.51%respectively.[Conclusion]The strains PN1 and PN6 have well ability to prevent Ph.edulis shoot blight and to promote growth.They have great potential in the prevention of C.phyllostachydis and alleviating soil nutrient deficiency.

关 键 词：毛竹 内生细菌 拮抗 促生长 菌剂 

分 类 号：S763.13[农业科学—森林保护学]