纤维素酶处理荞麦秸秆对舍饲滩羊生产性能及经济效益的影响  

Effects of cellulase treatment of buckwheat straw on production performance of barn feeding Tan sheep and its economic benefit

作　　者：吴爽 周玉香[1] 贾柔 金亚东[1] WU Shuang;ZHOU Yuxiang;JIA Rou;JIN Yadong(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《草业科学》2020年第12期2541-2549,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2018YFD0502103)。

摘　　要：为研究纤维素酶处理荞麦(Fagopyrum esculentum)秸秆对宁夏盐池滩羊生长性能、消化代谢、屠宰性能及养殖经济效益的影响,选择体重接近、健康的3月龄宁夏公滩羊24只,采用完全随机分组设计将其分为3组,每组8只。日粮精粗比为30∶70,对照组饲喂基础日粮+未经处理的荞麦秸秆,试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮+纤维素酶Ⅰ(酶活性≥10000 U·g^−1)处理的荞麦秸秆,试验Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+纤维素酶Ⅱ(酶活性≥5000 U·g^−1)处理的荞麦秸秆。预饲期15 d,正试期60 d。消化代谢试验在正试验的中后期进行,测定滩羊营养物质表观消化率和氮代谢。正试期结束后,每组选择5只体重接近的羊只禁食24 h后屠宰,测定屠宰性能相关指标。结果表明:1)纤维素酶处理荞麦秸秆可以提高滩羊平均日增重,其中,试验Ⅰ和试验Ⅱ组滩羊日增重与对照组相比分别提高了31.46%和10.68%(P>0.05),试验Ⅰ组滩羊料重比最低,为7.28,与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。2)试验Ⅰ组滩羊干物质(DM)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率较对照组提高16.96%和10.45%(P<0.05)。3)纤维素酶处理秸秆能够降低滩羊粪氮、尿氮(P>0.05),显著提高滩羊的氮利用率和沉积氮(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组消化氮、氮表观生物学价值较对照组均显著提高13.09%和14.28%(P<0.05)。4)试验Ⅰ组显著提高了滩羊胴体重、屠宰率和净肉重(P<0.05),且试验Ⅰ组骨重和眼肌面积显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。5)纤维素酶处理能够增加滩羊养殖经济效益。综上所述,纤维素酶处理荞麦秸秆可以提高舍饲滩羊平均日增重和胴体重,降低料重比,减少氮排放,增加氮的沉积,提高养殖经济效益。本研究中日粮条件下,试验Ⅰ组饲喂效果较优。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of cellulase treatment of buckwheat straw on growth performance,digestion and metabolism,and slaughter performance of Tan sheep in Yanchi County,Ningxia.Twenty-four healthy three-month-old Ningxia Tan sheep with similar body weights were randomly split into three groups of eight.The ratio of concentration to forage was 30∶70.The control group was fed a basal diet and unprocessed buckwheat straw.Trial groupⅠwas fed a basal diet and buckwheat straw treated with cellulaseⅠ(enzyme activity≥10000 U·g^−1).Trial groupⅡwas fed a basal diet and buckwheat straw treated with cellulaseⅡ(enzyme activity≥5000 U·g^−1).The preparation period was 15 d,and the formal experiment period was 60 d.Digestion and metabolism tests were carried out in the midway point and near the end of the feeding test feeding test.After the end of the formal experiment period,5 Tan sheep with approximately equal body weight were selected from each group and slaughtered after fasting for 24 h to determine slaughter performance indexes.The results showed the following:1)Cellulase treatment of buckwheat straw can improve the average daily weight gain and economic benefit of Tan sheep.CellulaseⅠand cellulaseⅡtreatment of buckwheat straw increased the average daily weight gain by 31.46%and 10.68%,respectively,compared to that of the control group(P>0.05).The ratio of feed to gain of trial groupⅠwas the lowest of the 3 groups at 7.28,which was significantly different from the control group(P<0.05).2)The apparent digestibility of dry matter(DM)and neutral detergent fiber(NDF)was significantly increased by 16.96%and 10.45%after treatment of buckwheat straw with cellulaseⅠ(enzyme activity≥10000 U·g^−1)(P<0.05).3)Cellulase treatment of buckwheat straw may reduce fecal and urinary nitrogen(P>0.05),and significantly improve nitrogen retention,along with the utilization efficiency of nitrogen(P<0.05).The digested nitrogen and apparent biological value of nitrogen of trial group

关 键 词：日增重 表观消化率 氮排放 氮生物学价值 胴体重 屠宰率 

分 类 号：S826.5[农业科学—畜牧学]