桐油、石灰对木构历史建筑保护和加固作用的验证  

Effects of Tung Oil and Lime on the Protection and Consolidation of Historic Wooden Architecture

作　　者：陈彦[1,2,3] 戴仕炳 Chen Yan;Dai Shibing(College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092;Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325000)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200092 [2]温州大学 [3]温州职业技术学院,温州325000

出　　处：《建筑遗产》2020年第3期118-125,共8页Heritage Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51978472,51738008)。

摘　　要：为验证桐油、石灰对木构历史建筑的保护作用,选择熟桐油和气硬性石灰、弱-中等水硬性石灰、强水硬性石灰NHL5等三种不同类型建筑石灰进行强度、吸水率等实验。结果显示,在气硬性消石灰中添加桐油制成试块后,试块的抗压强度可达到未添加桐油试块的5.6倍,抗折强度达到未添加桐油试块的2倍。将桐油、石灰、水等按一定比例配合制成灰浆后,可用于填补木材空洞和裂缝。桐油添加到气硬性消石灰或弱-中等水硬性石灰中,可以用作木材的防护材料,使木材48小时的吸水率下降95%,起到很好的防水、防腐、防虫效果,有效延长木构建筑的寿命。但熟桐油不适合添加到强水硬性石灰中。This article tends to prove the conservation effects of tung oil and lime for historic wooden architecture by using three types of building limes(air calcium lime, weakly-feebly hydraulic lime and highly hydraulic lime NHL5) mixed with cooked tung oil to test on the strength and water absorption rate of wood treated with the mixtures. The laboratory results showed that the compressive strength of the test pieces which were treated by the mixture of tung oil and air calcium hydrated lime is 5.6 times the compressive strength of test pieces without tung oil, and the shear strength was twice that of the test pieces without tung oil. When tung oil, lime, water were mixed in a certain proportion, a kind of mortar was formed for filling holes, voids and gaps in the wood. When tung oil was mixed with air calcium hydrated lime or weakly-feebly hydraulic lime, the material can be used to protect timber by reducing the water absorption rate by 95% for 48 hours. This is very good for waterproofing, anticorrosion and insect prevention, and can effectively extend the life-spans of historic wooden architecture. However, cooked tung oil is not compatible with highly hydraulic lime.

关 键 词：桐油 石灰 吸水率 木构历史建筑 保护 加固 

分 类 号：TU-87[艺术—艺术设计] TU52[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]