地理科学中数据空间重构最新研究进展  

Research Progress of Geographic Data by Space Reconstruction

作　　者：夏天 吴文嘉[1] 吴文斌 周清波[3] 杨鹏 XIA Tian;WU Wenjia;WU Wenbin;ZHOU Qingbo;YANG Peng(College of Urban&Environmental Sciences&Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation,Hubei Province,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning&Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics,Ministry of Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Agricultural Information,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学,城市与环境科学学院&地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,中国湖北武汉430079 [2]中国农业科学院,农业资源与农业区划研究所&农业部农业信息技术重点实验室,中国北京100081 [3]中国农业科学院,农业信息研究所,中国北京100081

出　　处：《经济地理》2020年第11期47-55,94,共10页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFE0104600);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2016CFB558);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(CCNU19TS045)。

摘　　要：地理数据是反映地理特征—空间—时间三位一体的综合信息数据,随着计算机科学、地理信息系统(GIS)和空间建模等技术的发展,地理数据进行空间重构表达已经成为地理学发展一个方向。目前,基于地理数据重构研究成为地理学研究中的热点问题,重构研究主要分为数据源改进和重构方法(算法)探索。文章从地理数据重构的应用对象、空间尺度、重构方法、精度检验方法,以及存在的问题和展望等几个方面进行论述,阐明了各种方法的优缺点,并讨论该领域的未来发展方向。研究发现,地理数据重构文章中自然地理与人文地理数量比为6.3∶3.7,并且这些文献中有45.5%的研究尺度(空间分辨率)为1 km。地理数据重构方法中多源数据融合法和空间插值法较适合人文地理数据重构,波谱分析法和空间插值法较适合自然地理数据重构,"3S"数据空间分析法可适用大部分研究类型。数据重构的精度验证方法大体上有三种,但87.1%的研究中采用的是多源数据空间对比分析法。现阶段地理数据空间重构研究方向存在方法创新性不足、可适宜空间重构数据类型少和部分重构方法精度较低等问题,以数据融合空间化为代表的普适性强的方法为主要方向,未来该领域发展方向主要数据重构将会从进一步提高辅助空间数据产品的质量,以及挖掘数据融合算法这两个角度来提高数据重构的精度。Geographical data reflects the comprehensive information data of geographic features,space and time.With the development of computer science,geographic information system(GIS)and spatial modeling,the spatial reconstruction of geographic data has become a director for the development of geography.The reconstruction research on,based on geographic data,has become a hot topic in current geography research.Reconstruction research is mainly divided into two direction:data source improvement and reconstruction method(algorithm)exploration.This article discusses the application objects,spatial scales,reconstruction methods,accuracy inspection methods,existing problems and prospects of geographic data reconstruction,clarifies the advantages and disadvantages of various methods,and discusses development of the field direction in the future.The results of the study found that the number ratio of physical geography to human geography in geographic data reconstruction articles is 6.3∶3.7,and 45.5%of these documents have a research scale(spatial resolution)of 1 km.In the reconstruction methods of geographic data,multi-source data fusion method and spatial interpolation method are more suitable for the reconstruction of human geographic data,spectral analysis method and spatial interpolation method are more suitable for the reconstruction of natural geographic data,and"3 S"data space analysis method is suitable for most research types.In general,there are three accuracy verification methods for data reconstruction,but 87.1%of the studies adopted multi-source data space comparison analysis method.There are some problems in the research direction of spatial reconstruction of geographic data,such as the lack of innovation of reconstruction methods,the lack of data types suitable for spatial reconstruction and the low accuracy of partial reconstruction methods.The main direction is the universal method represented by the spatialization of data fusion.In the future,we will further improve the quality of auxiliary spatial data pro

关 键 词：地理数据 重构 空间化 研究进展 多源数据融合法 精度验证方法 空间插值法 地理信息系统(GIS) 

分 类 号：K90-0[历史地理—人文地理学]