黄腐酸钾对盐胁迫下小白菜发芽及幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of potassium fulvic acid on the germination and seedling growth of Pak Choi(Brassica chinensis L.)under salt stress

作　　者：张彩虹 冯棣[1,2] 张敬敏 吴敏[2] 王志和 祝海燕[2] 高俊平[2] ZHANG Caihong;FENG Di;ZHANG Jingmin;WU Min;WANG Zhihe;ZHU Haiyan;GAO Junping(Key laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453003,Henan,China;Facility Horticulture Laboratory of Universities in Shandong/Weifang University of Science and Technology,Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部作物需水与调控重点实验室·中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453003 [2]山东省高校设施园艺重点实验室·潍坊科技学院,山东寿光262700

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2020年第12期87-91,共5页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：农业农村部作物需水与调控重点实验室开放课题(FIRI2019-03-0101)。

摘　　要：为了研究小白菜发芽及幼苗阶段的耐盐特性,以及黄腐酸钾对小白菜NaCl盐胁迫下的缓解效果。采用水培法设计2个试验,试验1:在小白菜发芽后的1~5 d移入不同质量浓度(1.5、3、4.5、6 g·L^(-1))NaCl溶液中,计算其存活率;试验2:设置0、1.5、3、4.5、6 g·L^(-1)共5个NaCl盐质量浓度处理,并设置是否配施黄腐酸钾(0.2 g·L^(-1))2种方式。结果表明,发芽后2 d耐盐表现最强,其次是3 d、4 d、1 d,发芽后5 d耐盐表现最差。随盐胁迫程度的增加,小白菜种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、下轴胚长、根长指标均逐渐表现出受不同程度的抑制。其中根长盐害表现最明显,与无盐相比,其余处理盐害系数依次增加了56.57%、87.31%、94.43%、96.66%。小白菜发芽率在培养液质量浓度达到4.5 g·L^(-1)后出现小幅降低,死苗率随水培液盐浓度的增加而增加。在相同水培液浓度下,添加黄腐酸钾的处理死苗过程有所延迟,且1.5 g·L^(-1)处理的死苗率降低了37.5%。在无盐胁迫下,添加黄腐酸钾的处理显著增加了小白菜的鲜/干物质质量、叶绿素含量及类胡萝卜素含量,增幅分别为81.1%、62.7%、91.9%、78.4%。添加黄腐酸钾可在低盐(≤1.5 g·L^(-1))胁迫下提高小白菜幼苗的存活率、促进其地上部生长,在无盐胁迫下提高发芽率、鲜/干物质质量和叶绿素含量。In order to study the salt tolerance characteristics of pak choi(Brassica chinensis L.)during germination and seedling stage,and the mitigation effect of potassium fulvic acid on pak choi under NaCl salt stress.Two experiments were designed by hydroponics.Experiment 1:pak choi seedlings were transferred into NaCl solutions with different concentrations(1.5,3,4.5,6 g·L^(-1))at 1-5 days after germination,and the survival rate was counted,respectively.Experiment 2:five treatments with salt concentration of 0(CK),1.5,3,4.5,6 g·L^(-1) were set,and whether to apply 0.2 g·L^(-1) potassium fulvic acid(PFA)in two ways to study the salt damage coefficient of germination rate,germination potential,germination index,hypocotyl length and root length of pak choi seeds and chlorophyll content etc.The strongest salt tolerance performance appeared at 2 days after germination(DAG),followed by 3,4,1 DAG,and the salt tolerance at 5 DAG was the weakest.With the increasing of the degree of salt stress,the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,hypocotyl length and root length of pak choi showed different degrees of inhibition.Compared with 0 g·L^(-1),the salt damage coefficient of other treatments increased by 56.57%,87.31%,94.43%and 96.66%.and the salt damage was the most remarkable.The germination rate of pak choi decreased slightly when the culture solution reached 4.5 g·L^(-1),and the dead seedling rate increased with the increasing of the salt concentration.Under the same concentration,compared with the treatments without adding potassium fulvic acid,the seedling death process of the treatments with potassium fulvic acid were delayed,and the seedling death rate of 1.5 g·L^(-1) treatment with PFA reduced by 37.5%.Under no salt stress,the treatment of adding potassium fulvic acid significantly increased the fresh/dry matter mass,chlorophyll content and carotenoid content of pak choi by 81.1%,62.7%,91.9%and 78.4%,respectively.The addition of potassium fulvic acid could improve the survival rate and promote ab

关 键 词：小白菜 盐胁迫 黄腐酸钾 生长指标 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]