影响等长大腿中部拉测试信效度的方法学因素综述  

A Review of Methodological Factors Influencing Reliability and Validity of Isometric Mid-thigh Pull Test

作　　者：路恒 许贻林 王然 LU Heng;XU Yilin;WANG Ran(School of Physical Education and Sport Training,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Sports Biomechanics Laboratory,Jiangsu Research Institute of Sports Science,Nanjing 210033,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]江苏省体育科学研究所运动生物力学实验室,南京210033

出　　处：《体育与科学》2020年第6期75-87,共13页Sports & Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项课题,项目号:2018YFF0300903;上海市科委“扬帆计划”研究项目,项目号:19YF1445800;上海市海外高层次人才计划,项目号:TP2018057;江苏省体育局重大体育科研课题,项目号:ST191102;上海市人类运动能力开发与保障重点实验室,项目号:11DZ2261100。

摘　　要：等长大腿中部拉(Isometric Mid-thigh Pull,IMTP)测试近年来在国际竞技体育的应用越发广泛。通过分析IMTP测试力-时间曲线得到的峰值力、发力率和冲量等指标具有较高的信度,并与力量、爆发力、冲刺和变向等动态运动表现之间呈中度至高度相关关系。然而,相关研究中模棱两可或相互矛盾的研究结果在一定程度上影响了IMTP测试的应用。对国外相关文献的梳理与总结表明,采样频率、身体姿势、语言提示、基线测量、信号处理、力-时间曲线分析等方法学因素均会影响IMTP测试和分析过程,进而影响测试的准确性和研究的可重复性。因此,在进行IMTP测试时应选择信效度较高的测试方法,并在研究中报道所使用的具体方法以确保后续研究的可重复性。此外,对于一些具有争议的方法学因素仍需进一步研究加以证实,为更准确地评估与监控运动员并提高其运动成绩奠定基础。Isometric mid-thigh pull(IMTP)testing gained its popularity in high-performance sports worldwide.Peak force,rate of force development,and impulse derived from the IMTP force-time curve are highly reliable and correlated with strength,power,sprint,and change-of-direction.However,ambiguity and contraindication between studies impaired the application of IMTP testing.Current literature shows that methodological factors such as sampling frequency,body posture,verbal instruction,baseline measurement,signal processing and force-time curve analysis all affect IMTP testing.Thus affect testing accuracy and study replication.Therefore,practitioners and researchers should select testing methods with high reliability and validity,and report in details in the literature to ensure repeatability for future studies.Additionally,future studies need to address some controversial methodological factors to improve evaluation and monitoring accuracy and set up a foundation for performance enhancement.

关 键 词：等长大腿中部拉 神经肌肉功能 最大力量 发力率 冲量 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]