中国花样滑冰后备人才培养市场化研究——基于新制度经济学理论的分析  

A Study of Market-Oriented Figure Skating Reserve Talent Cultivation in China——Based on Neo-institutional Economic Theory

作　　者：李舒雅 邱招义[1] 米靖[1] LI Shuya;QIU Zhaoyi;MI Jing(Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《体育与科学》2020年第6期106-110,共5页Sports & Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“冬季项目运动员专项能力特征和科学选材关键技术——提升运动员专项能力夏季化训练措施的研究”,项目号:2018YFF0300406;国家社会科学基金重点项目“2022冬奥会对我国雪上运动发展的影响研究”,项目号:16ATY004;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题(2020082),项目号:2020ZD003。

摘　　要：本研究以新制度经济学相关理论为基础,从交易费用和产权分析的角度对中国花样滑冰后备人才培养制度的市场化转型和变迁进行了探析。认为我国现行的花样滑冰后备人才培养制度起源于"举国体制",社会主义市场经济的改革和花样滑冰运动的发展对这种制度提出了变革要求,以克服其弊端,提高制度的效率和收益。完全由体育行政部门主导的花样滑冰后备人才培养体系被打破后,市场化的培养方式明晰了产权、交易费用,提高了教练、冰场等资源配置利用的效率;加之学习者家庭经济水平提高,越来越多的孩子学习花样滑冰,使得花样滑冰运动选材面扩大,成绩进步。This study explored the market-oriented transition and change of figure skating reserve talent cultivation system in China based on neo-institutional economic theory, specifically from the perspective of transaction cost and property right. It reveals that the current figure skating reserve talent cultivation system in China originated in "Nation-wide system", and the socialist market-oriented economy and the development of figure skating requires a change to it for benefit. After the figure skating reserve talent cultivation system monopolized by sport authorities was broken, the property right is clarified and the transaction cost is lowered down. In addition, more families are able to afford their children’s figure skating training. Therefore more figure skating talents have opportunities to be identified for better results.

关 键 词：花样滑冰 后备人才培养 市场化 新制度经济学 

分 类 号：G862.2[文化科学—体育训练]