印鼠客蚤的发育周期及形态观察  

Life cycle and morphological observation of Xenopsylla cheopis

作　　者：康东梅 崔耀仁[1] 郑楠[1] 孟凤霞[2] KANG Dong-mei;CUI Yao-ren;ZHENG Nan;MENG Feng-xia(Anti-plague Institute of Hebei Province,Zhangjiakou 075000,Hebei Province,China;State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]河北省鼠疫防治所流行病科,河北张家口075000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2020年第6期672-675,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：河北省级重大医学科研课题(zd2013072)。

摘　　要：目的饲养、观察和记述印鼠客蚤发育各期的形态过程及其变化特征。方法采用湿滤纸饲养和平皿中培育相结合的方法进行饲养繁殖,利用体式解剖镜和显微成像系统采集、观察和记录印鼠客蚤各期形态发育变化及其特征。结果获得印鼠客蚤生长发育周期"卵-幼虫-蛹-成蚤"的各期形态变化特征图片;该蚤从卵产出至子代成虫羽化历期历经26~35 d,其中卵期为2~7 d,幼虫期6~19 d,蛹期10~22 d,成虫期26~60 d;产卵数及幼虫孵化数随供血时间遵循"高峰期-低谷期"的循环方式进行。结论印鼠客蚤发育周期有形态变化和发育时间变化节点,可为该蚤的精准防制提供作用靶点。Objective To rear Xenopsylla cheopis, and to observe and record its morphological changes and characteristics in various stages of life cycle. Methods Xenopsylla cheopis was reared and bred using wet filter papers combined with petri dishes. Stereomicroscope and microscope imaging system were used to collect, observe, and record the morphological changes and characteristics of X. cheopis in each life-stage. Results The images of morphologic changes of X. cheopis in"egg-larval-pupal-adult"stages were obtained. The period from the eggs being laid to the offspring emerging as adults lasted 26-35 days, including 2-7 days of egg stage, 6-19 days of larval stage, 10-22 days of pupal stage, and 26-60 days of adult stage. The number of eggs laid and the number of larvae hatched followed the circulation mode of"peak-trough"with the time of blood supply. Conclusion There are time-points of morphological changes and developmental stages in the life cycle of X. cheopis, which can provide targets for its precise control.

关 键 词：印鼠客蚤 湿滤纸饲养 虫态 发育周期 显微成像系统 

分 类 号：R383.3[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]