2012-2018年厦门市海沧区本市与非本市户籍儿童健康状况分析  

Analysis of health status of Children between immigrant and resident children in Haicang District of Xiamen from 2012 to 2018

作　　者：林振秋 张薇 陈晶[3] LIN Zhen-Qiu;ZHANG Wei;CHEN Jing(Department of child Health,Xiamen Haicang Maternal and Child Health Hospital;不详)

机构地区：[1]厦门市海沧区妇幼保健院儿童保健科,福建厦门361026 [2]厦门大学公共卫生学院,福建厦门361003 [3]厦门大学附属妇女儿童医院儿童保健科,福建厦门361003

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2020年第24期4736-4741,共6页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金引导性项目(2019D010);福建省中青年骨干人才培养项目(2019-ZQNB-31);厦门市科技计划基金资助项目(350Z20164029)。

摘　　要：目的了解厦门市海沧区1~6岁儿童7年来健康状况及其变化趋势,为科学育儿提供依据,指导日后辖区内儿童保健工作重点。方法随机抽取2012-2018年居住在厦门市海沧区的儿童127447名,其中本市户籍(A组)62726名,非本市户籍(B组)64721名,对其7年来营养与健康监测结果进行分析。结果超重、肥胖患病率:A组、B组均呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组肥胖患病率由高于A组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),逐步下降至2018年与A组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组与A组超重患病率至2016年差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);中重度营养不良患病率:A组呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组,除消瘦外,均呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患病率按年份比较,低体质量组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),消瘦组除2018年外差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),生长迟缓组由之前的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)缓慢下降至2018年差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);贫血患病率:A组与B组均呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);按年份比较,B组每年贫血患病率均明显高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论厦门市海沧区7年来儿童健康管理成效显著,特别是在儿童的均等化保健管理方面。中重度营养不良患病率得以改善,特别是生长迟缓有所减少,超重/肥胖有所控制,非本市与本市户籍儿童营养状况差异性逐渐缩小,但贫血患病率呈上升趋势。下一阶段应重点加强贫血儿童的监测与管理,特别是非本市户籍儿童人群。Objective To understand the health status and trend of children aged 1-6 in Haicang district of Xiamen in the past seven years,so as to provide the basis for scientific child-rearing and guide the key work of child health care in the future.Methods 127447 children living in Haicang district of Xiamen were randomly selected from 2012 to 2018,among them,62726 children were Xiamen residents(group A)and 64721 children were immigrants(group B),and the results of nutrition and health monitoring over seven years were analyzed.Results Prevalence of overweight and obesity:both groups A and B showed decreasing trend,with statistical difference(P<0.05).The prevalence of obesity in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05),and gradually decreased to no significant difference in 2018(P>0.05);there was no significant difference in the prevalence of overweight between group B and group A until2016(P>0.05);Prevalence of moderate and severe malnutrition:group A showed decreasing trend,with statistical difference(P<0.05);In group B,except emaciation,all showed decreasing trend,with statistical difference(P<0.05);Prevalence rates in the two groups were compared by year,no significant difference in low-weight group(P>0.05);no statistical difference in the wasting group except 2018(P>0.05);the growth retardation group showed no statistical difference until 2018(P>0.05);Anemia prevalence:both groups A and B showed an upward trend,with statistical difference(P<0.05);by year,the prevalence of anemia in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05).Conclusion Over the past seven years,children’s health management in Haicang district of Xiamen has achieved remarkable results,especially in the equalization of children’s health care management.The prevalence of moderate to severe malnutrition improved,especially growth retardation reduced,overweight/obesity was controlled,the difference between the immigrant and resident children is gradually narrowing,but anemia is on the rise.The next stage should f

关 键 词：本市与非本市户籍儿童 超重与肥胖 营养不良 贫血 措施 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]