敦煌莫高窟大气颗粒物浓度及有机碳特征  

Characteristics of Atmospheric Particulates and Organic Carbon in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes

作　　者：贺东鹏 武发思[2] 徐瑞红[2] 张国彬[2] 杨小菊[2] 汪万福 李师翁[1] HE Dong-peng;WU Fa-si;XU Rui-hong;ZHANG Guo-bin;YANG Xiao-ju;WANG Wan-fu;LI Shi-weng(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;National Research Center for Conservation of Ancient Wall Paintings and Earthen Sites,Dunhuang 736200,Gansu,China;Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070 [2]敦煌研究院国家古代壁画与土遗址保护工程技术研究中心,甘肃敦煌736200 [3]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2020年第6期92-98,共7页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC07B02);国家自然科学基金(32060258,32060277);甘肃省科技计划项目(18JR3RA004);甘肃省文物局课题(GWJ201609)。

摘　　要：为了解沙尘天气及游客扰动对莫高窟洞窟内、外不同粒径颗粒物中有机碳(OC)的影响,使用热光碳分析仪测定了敦煌莫高窟第16窟内及窟外PM2.5、PM10-2.5中OC浓度,分析了不同天气和游客数量对PM2.5、PM10-2.5中OC的影响.结果表明:天气晴好时,莫高窟环境中OC的来源较为复杂,游客参观活动会导致窟内PM10-2.5及OC质量浓度增大.当风沙袭来时,沙尘中的含碳有机物成为OC的主要来源,窟内和窟外环境中OC的质量浓度与晴好天气相比均有不同程度降低.莫高窟碳质气溶胶主要组分为OC4和OC3,OC4主要富集在沙尘等粗颗粒物中,OC3在各粒径颗粒物中分布较为平均.汽车尾气和道路扬尘是莫高窟大气颗粒物中碳质气溶胶的主要来源.To understand the influence of dusty days and tourists′disturbance on the organic carbon in different particle sizes in and outside mogao Grottoes,the inside and outside atmosphere samples of the Mogao Grottoes Cave 16 th were collected and the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 and organic carbon(OC)were monitored by using a thermal/optical carbon analyzer.The effects of weather conditions and visitor numbers on the concentrations of PM2.5,PM10-2.5 and OC and their correlations were also analyzed.The results show that when the weather is fine,the source of OC in the Environment of Mogao Grottoes is relatively complex,and tourists′visiting activities will lead to the increase of PM10-2.5 and OC mass concentration in the cave;while in the sandy and dusty days,the majority of OC comes from dust,and the significant decrease of inside OC concentration indicates the dilution effect of the outside airflow on the inside atmosphere.The carbon aerosols in Mogao Grottoes are mainly divided into OC4 and OC3.OC4 is mainly concentrated in coarse particulate matters such as sand and dust,and OC3 is evenly distributed into particulate matters of various particle sizes.Vehicle exhaust and road dust are the main sources of carbon aerosols in atmospheric particulate matters in Mogao Grottoes.

关 键 词：敦煌莫高窟 PM2.5 PM10-2.5 有机碳 沙尘天气 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X831