2019年重庆市某区重点职业病监测结果  

Monitoring results of key occupational diseases in a district of Chongqing in 2019

作　　者：张莉[1] 吴永兵[1] ZHANG Li;WU Yong-bing(Office,Beibei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing,400700,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市北碚区疾病预防控制中心办公室,重庆400700

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第19期2603-2606,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市某区重点职业病危害因素现状,接害人员职业健康情况和职业病患者流行病学特征,为制定某区重点职业病防治措施提供依据。方法对2019年重庆市某区重点职业病危害因素申报信息、人员职业健康检查和职业病危害因素检测数据进行分析。结果2019年重庆市某区存在14种重点职业病危害因素,噪声、其他粉尘、矽尘、铸造粉尘和苯接触人数居前5位,占91.74%。接害人员职业健康检查率为95.19%,低于100.00%的危害因素有7种,其职业健康检查率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=1508.67,P<0.05),其中矽尘(61.28%)、铅(66.67%)和苯(69.23%)的职业健康检查率较低。检出职业禁忌证262人,检出率2.33%,分布在噪声等6种重点职业病危害因素的接触人员中,禁忌证检出率差异有统计学(χ^2=67.11,P<0.05),其中噪声(3.42%)、苯(2.43%)和矽尘(1.11%)的禁忌证检出率较高。检出重点职业病患者29人,检出率0.26%,其中粉尘类28人,噪声聋1人,重点职业病患者检出率差异有统计学(χ^2校正=241.86,P<0.05),噪声聋(0.02%)<粉尘类(4.20%)。职业病患者以男性(93.10%)、采矿业(72.40%)、私有经济(93.10%)、小型企业(93.10%)、10~<15年(24.14%)和25~<35年(34.38%)接害工龄为主。重点职业病危害因素检测点位合格率为92.02%,矽尘(50.00%)和噪声(89.09%)存在不合格的情况,合格率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论重庆市某区存在多种重点职业病危害因素,加强健康教育,提高企业主的法治意识、员工的防护意识,督促企业落实职业病防治主体责任,重点抓好矽尘、噪声和苯,采矿业和小型私有企业的职业病防制工作是控制重点职业病发生的关键。Objective To understand the status quo of key occupational-disease-inductive factors in a district of Chongqing,as well as the occupational health status of the exposed workers and the epidemiological characteristics of key occupational disease patients,provide basis for the establishment of key occupational disease prevention measures in a district.Methods The declaration information of key occupational-disease-inductive factors and data of personnel’s occupational health examination and occupational disease-inductive factors detection in a district of Chongqing in 2019 were analyzed.Results There were 14 major key occupational-disease-inductive factors in a district of Chongqing in 2019,and the number of people exposed to noise,other dust,silica dust,foundry dust and benzene ranked the top five,accounting for 91.74%.Occupational health check rate of exposed workers was 95.19%,and there were 7 types of hazard factors below 100.00%.The difference in occupational health check rate was statistically significant(χ^2=1508.67,P<0.05),while the occupational health check rates of silicon dust(61.28%),lead(66.67%)and benzene(69.23%)were low.There were 262 workers with occupational contraindications,with a detection rate of2.33%,distributing among workers exposed to six key occupational hazards such as noise.The difference in the detection rates of contraindications was statistically significant(χ^2=67.11,P<0.05),while the detection rates of noise(3.42%),benzene(2.43%)and silicon dust(1.11%)were higher.29 key occupational disease patients were detected,with a detection rate of 0.26%,including 28 cases of dust-exposed diseases and 1 case of noise deafness.There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of key occupational disease patients(χ^2 correction=241.86,P<0.05),noise deafness(0.02%)<dust(4.20%).Most of key occupational disease patients were male(93.10%),in mining(72.40%),private economy(93.10%),and small enterprises(93.10%),as well as has the working age of 10-<15 years(24.14%)and 25-<35

关 键 词：重点职业病 监测 职业健康 危害因素检测 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]