美国诉中国主粮市场价格支持措施案分析及法律应对  

A Case Study of US-China Domestic Support for Agricultural Products and the Legal Response

作　　者：王倩 Wang Qian(National Agricultural Exhibition Center,Beijing 100026)

机构地区：[1]全国农业展览馆,北京100026

出　　处：《古今农业》2020年第4期19-30,共12页Ancient and Modern Agriculture

摘　　要：本文围绕美国诉中国小麦、稻谷、玉米市场支持措施案所涉法律争端,在《农业协定》及其附件规定下,重点围绕《农业协定》3.2条和6.3条规范下的国内支持措施展开研究,探析国内支持措施及国内综合支持量(AMS)等规则的具体运用,对裁决的形成进行分析。基于专家组的裁定,在国际法和国内法双重基础之上,可探索建立专门的国内支持法律制度体系,将市场价格支持列入该项法律规范之中,以保障粮食安全和粮食价格市场化为价值目标,充分纳入《农业协定》"黄箱""蓝箱""绿箱"支持措施,构建合理的市场价格支持正面清单和反面清单法律制度体系,以制度化的形式实现我国市场价格支持在《农业协定》下的合规。This thesis analyzed the panel report of DS511 concerning China domestic support for agricultural products under Agreement on Agriculture.Based on the main legal disputeunder Article 3.2 and 6.3 of Agreement on Agriculture,it further studied the rules of do-mestic support,calculation of domestic support,and different understandings of the disputedparties and the panel experts.In this way,we can have a thorough understanding of how thelegal dispute ruling was made,how the rules of Agreement on Agriculture were operated.Inthe WTO dispute of US-China Domestic Support for Agricultural Products,panel expertjudged that China’s market price support measures have exceeded the supporting level of8.5%.Thus,an amendment of the measure needs to be done.Based on international lawand domestic laws,this study provided a solution to build a special domestic support law toincorporate market price support.With the aim of ensuring food security and market opera-tion of food,in combining the supporting measures of“yellow box”,"blue box",and"greenbox"stipulated in Agreement on Agriculture,a legal system of positive supporting sheet andopposite supporting sheet for market price support is established.It is hoped that the domes-tic price support measures operate legally under Agreement on Agriculture.

关 键 词：《农业协定》 市场价格支持 综合支持总量 市场价格支持法律制度 

分 类 号：F323.7[经济管理—产业经济] F371.2[政治法律—法学] D912.4