2~3岁幼儿日间尿失禁与其使用一次性尿布和排尿训练的相关性研究  

The effects of disposable diaper and elimination communication on daytime urination incontinence in children aged 2 to 3 years

作　　者：杨静[1] 邢栋 文建国[1] 王一鹤 李一冬[1] 王庆伟 王焱 胡绘杰 梁钰 宋翠萍[4] 赵贝贝[1] 娄小平[1] YANG Jing;XING Dong;WEN Jian-guo;WANG Yi-he;LI Yi-dong;WANG Qing-wei;WANG Yan;HU Hui-jie;LIANG Yu;SONG Cui-ping;ZHAO Bei-bei;LOU Xiao-ping

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院,郑州市450052 [2]河南省小儿尿动力国际联合实验室 [3]新乡医学院护理学院,新乡市453003 [4]新乡医学院第一附属医院

出　　处：《中华护理教育》2020年第12期1119-1123,共5页Chinese Journal of Nursing Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81670689;U1904208);河南省科技厅国际合作重点项目(182102410002)。

摘　　要：目的了解一次性尿布的使用和排尿训练(elimination communication,EC)对2~3岁幼儿日间尿失禁(daytime urinary incontinence,DUI)的影响。方法使用自制问卷对2297名2~3岁幼儿的家长进行调查,内容包括一次性尿布的使用、EC开始时间和DUI情况等。结果2~3岁幼儿总体DUI的发生率为8.45%(194/2297)。一次性尿布使用时间越长,进行排尿训练的人数比例越低(χ2=10.086,P=0.001),DUI的发生率越高(χ2=11.166,P<0.001)。随着EC开始时间的延迟,DUI的发生率逐渐增高(χ2=13.760,P<0.001)。Logistics回归分析结果显示,一次性尿布使用时间延长是2~3岁幼儿DUI的危险因素,12个月龄之前开始排尿训练是2~3岁幼儿日间排尿控制的保护因素。结论一次性尿布使用时间延长和EC延迟是2~3岁幼儿日间排尿控制的危险因素,12个月龄以前开始排尿训练有助于降低幼儿DUI的发生率,并使其尽早获得日间排尿控制。Objective To investigate the current situation of the usage of disposable diaper and elimination communication(EC),as well as their effects on daytime urinaty incontinence(DUI)in children aged 2 to 3 years.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed by distributing 2297 questionnaires to parents.The questionnaires included questions regarding disposable diaper usage,starting time of EC,and children's DUI.Results The overall prevalence of DUI was 8.45%(194/2297)in children aged 2 to 3 years old.With prolonged disposable diaper usage,the proportion of EC decreased(χ2=10.086,P=0.001)and the DUI prevalence increased(χ2=11.166,P<0.001)significantly.With the delay of EC,the DUI prevalence increased significantly(χ2=13.760,P<0.001).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the prolonged disposable diaper usage was a risk factor of DUC.Starting EC before 1 year of age in children was a protective factor against DUI.Conclusion The prevalence of DUI in 2 to 3 years old child is high.The prolonged usage of disposable diaper and delayed EC might be risk factors for DUI in children aged 2 to 3 years.Early EC can help to reduce the prevalence of DUI and enable children to obtain DUC as early as possible.

关 键 词：尿失禁 一次性尿布 排尿训练 幼儿 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]