非农就业对农户退耕还林成果保持意愿的影响——基于1132个退耕农户的调查  

Assessing the Impact of Off-Farm Employment on Farmers’Maintenance Willingness of Sloping Land Conversion Program:Evidence from 1132 Participant Farmers

作　　者：张朝辉[1] ZHANG Zhaohui(School of Economic&Management,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学经济与管理学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中国土地科学》2020年第11期67-75,共9页China Land Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目:新疆生态脆弱区农户退耕的响应追踪、行为调适与过程激励研究(71663043);石河子大学青年创新人才计划项目:新疆生态脆弱区林业生态安全布局研究(C-XRX201708)。

摘　　要：研究目的:评估非农就业对农户退耕成果保持意愿的影响效应,为完善新一轮退耕还林工程的配套政策、制定巩固退耕还林工程成果的方案等提供决策参考。研究方法:基于1132个退耕农户的调查,应用倾向得分匹配方法进行平均处理效应分析,并剖析非农就业对不同个性特征与资源禀赋农户的退耕成果保持意愿的处理效应差异。研究结果:非农就业是增强退耕农户可持续生计能力,提升农户退耕成果保持意愿的关键要素;消除农户自选择等显性偏差及不可预知的隐藏偏误后,从事非农就业的退耕农户其选择继续保持退耕成果的概率显著提升30.88%;从农户异质性来看,低学历、退耕还生态林、小退耕规模、有非农工作经历或接受过非农技术培训的农户,非农就业更有助于提升其退耕成果保持意愿。研究结论:各退耕区应加大退耕农户的就业指导与技能培训,健全退耕区劳务服务体系,建立有序的退耕地流转市场,引导退耕农户建立多元化生计转型策略,增强新一轮退耕还林工程的持续性与有效性。The purposes of this paper are to assess the impact of off-farm employment on farmers’maintenance willingness of sloping land conversion program(SLCP)and to provide the decision references for the optimization of supporting policy of new round of SLCP and plan for consolidation of SLCP.The Propensity Score Match method(PSM)are used to assess the average treatment effect(ATT)of off-farm employment on farmers’maintenance willingness of SLCP to analyze the ATT differences among farmers with different personality and resource endowment based on the sample data from 1132 SLCP participators.The result shows that off-farm employment becomes the important guarantee to strengthen the sustainable livelihoods of participant farmers and the essential factor to promote farmers’maintenance willingness of SLCP achievements.The maintenance willingness of farmers engaging in off-farm employment significantly increases 30.88%than those not engaging in off-farm,when eliminating the farmers’self-selection and unpredictable hidden bias.From the perspective of the heterogeneity of farmers,the off-farm employment of farmers with lower education,returning farmland to ecological forest and small-scale farmland,have an off-farm work experience or accept the off-farm technical training and the off-farm is more helpful to enhance their maintenance willingness of SLCP achievements.In conclusion,the government should increase the employment guidance and skill training of participant farmers of SLCP,improve the service system of off-farm employment,establish an orderly transfer market of SLCP land,guide farmers to develop the diversified livelihood strategies,and thus enhance the sustainability and effectiveness of the new round of SLCP.

关 键 词：土地管理 非农就业 退耕成果 保持意愿 倾向得分匹配 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]