软颗粒饲料对拟穴青蟹成活、生长和肌肉氨基酸组分的影响  

Effects of Soft Pelleted Diet on Survival,Growth and Muscular Amino Acid Composition of Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain

作　　者：黄伟卿 林小金 钟传明 陈云月 张艺 王永贵 臧蔓 施蕾 周振平 HUANG Weiqing;LIN Xiaojin;ZHONG Chuanming;CHEN Yunyue;ZHANG Yi;WANG Yonggui;ZANG Man;SHI Lei;ZHOU Zhenping(Ningde Dingcheng Fishery Company Limited,Ningde 352100,China;Department of Bioengineering,Ningde Normal University,Ningde 352100,China;Min Gong Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian Province,Ningde 352100,China;Fujian Fisheries Technology Extension Center,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fishery Technology Promotion Station,Ningde 352100,China)

机构地区：[1]宁德市鼎诚水产有限公司,福建宁德352100 [2]宁德师范学院生命科学学院,福建宁德352100 [3]福建省闽东水产研究所,福建宁德352100 [4]福建省水产技术推广总站,福建福州350000 [5]宁德市水产技术推广站,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2020年第6期44-49,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：福建省星火项目(2019S0049);福建省公益性项目(2018R1037-1);福建省农业引导性(重点)项目(2018N0027);福建省水产技术推广总站2019年科技创新与推广示范项目;福建省高校特色新型智库项目"精准扶贫与反返贫研究中心"(闽教科〔2018〕50号);福建创新训练项目(201910398045、201910398046).

摘　　要：在水温24~28℃下,将体质量(34.9±15.50)^(38.65±16.31)g的拟穴青蟹Scylla paramamosain饲养在循环水养殖车间中,一蟹一盒,每组3个平行,每组30只,投喂由37%鳀、37%鱼粉、10%水、7%复合多维、5%脱壳素和4%石花粉组成、经100℃水蒸汽蒸煮15 min制成的软颗粒饲料70 d,对照组投喂缢蛏Sinonovacula constricta,投喂量为2%~5%,研究了软颗粒饲料对拟穴青蟹成活、生长和肌肉氨基酸组份的影响。结果显示:拟穴青蟹摄食软颗粒饲料时,成活率为(82.4±6.72)%,极显著高于对照组(79.3±2.57)%(P<0.01);甲壳长和体质量的特定增长率分别为(0.34±0.12)%·d^-1和(0.80±0.29)%·d^-1,显著高于对照组(0.20±0.16)%·d^-1和(0.56±0.37)%·d^-1(P<0.05);脱壳隔时间为(28.5±6.36)d,比对照组低(33.0±7.07)d(P<0.05);肌肉中氨基酸总量为(13.06±5.23)%,极显著高于对照组(9.95±3.45)%(P<0.01),必需氨基酸(4.33±1.64)%和呈味氨基酸(5.35±2.02)%的含量也显著高于对照组(3.36±1.06)%和(3.99±1.25)%(P<0.05),但必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为70.44,小于对照组(71.72)。本研究结果可为拟穴青蟹人工饲料的制备提供借鉴。Mud crab Scylla paramamosain with body weight of(34.9±15.50)g^(38.65±16.31)g was reared in a circulating water culture workshop,with one individual per net,and fed soft pelleted diet prepared by 37%of anchovy,37%fish meal,10%water,7%vitamin premix,5%moulting agent and 4%macroalga Gelidium amansii powder and by steamed for 15 minutes at 100℃at water temperature of 24~28℃for 70 days.The mud crab in control group was fed razor clam Sinonovacula constricta at feeding rate of 2%~5%to investigate the effect of soft diet on survival,growth and muscular amino acid composition of mud crab.The results showed that the mud crab fed the soft pelleted diet had survival rate of(82.4±6.72)%,very significantly higher than that the mud crab in the control group(79.3±2.57)%did(P<0.01).There were significantly higher specific growth rate of shell length[(0.34±0.12)%·d-1]and body weight[(0.80±0.29)%·d-1]in mud crab fed the soft pelleted diet than those in the control group[(0.20±0.16)%·d-1]and[(0.56±0.37)%·d-1](P<0.05),with significantly shorter moulting interval(28.5±6.36)d than that in the control group[(33.0±7.07)d](P<0.05).The mud crab fed the soft pelleted diet had(13.06±5.23)%of total amount of amino acids in the muscles,very significantly higher than that in the control group(9.95±3.45)%(P<0.01),essential amino acids of(4.33±1.64)%and flavor amino acids of(5.35±2.02)%,significantly higher than that in the control group(3.36±1.06)%and(3.99±1.25)%(P<0.05).However,there was essential amino acid index of 70.44,significantly lower than that in the control group(71.72).The findings will provide basis for the preparation of artificial feed for mud crab S.paramamosain.

关 键 词：拟穴青蟹 软颗粒饲料 成活率 生长 氨基酸组份 

分 类 号：S963.72[农业科学—水产养殖]