三角帆蚌耗氧率和排氨率的昼夜变化及不同饵料浓度下的摄食节律  

Diurnal Variation in Oxygen Consumption and Ammonia Excretion and Feeding Rhythm of Freshwater Mussel Hyriopsis cumingii Under Different Alga Concentrations

作　　者：孙明龙 白志毅[1,2] 傅百成 何志然 郭思鹏 SUN Minglong;BAI Zhiyi;FU Baicheng;HE Zhiran;GUO Sipeng(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Germplasm Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Zhejiang Bairila Agricultural Technology Company,Shaoxing 311800,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]浙江佰瑞拉农业科技公司,浙江绍兴311800

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2020年第6期56-60,共5页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-49);上海市崇明区“可持续发展科技创新行动计划”(CK2018-34).

摘　　要：在水温27℃条件下,将体质量为(18.43±4.21)g的一龄三角帆蚌Hyriopsis cumingii放入20 L塑料桶内暂养1周后,采用室内静水呼吸法测定了蚌的耗氧率和排氨率昼夜变化;并设置了4种小球藻Chlorella sp.投喂初始浓度,分别为1.9×10^9 cells·L^-1、3.25×10^9 cells·L^-1、4.11×10^9 cells·L^-1和5.05×10^9 cells·L^-1,测定了三角帆蚌的日摄食节律和摄食量。结果表明,三角帆蚌的耗氧率和排氨率每日呈现两个代谢周期,代谢最低谷出现在中午12点,然后逐渐提升,至夜间20点出现第一次代谢高峰,然后逐步下降,至凌晨0—2点之间处于第二个代谢低谷期,凌晨4点出现第二次代谢高峰,并发现三角帆蚌夜间耗氧率和排氨率总体水平明显高于白天。另外,观察到三角帆蚌日摄食量受到饵料浓度的影响,小球藻浓度为4.11×10^9 cell·L^-1时,三角帆蚌的日摄食总量最高。本研究结果可为三角帆蚌工厂化养殖下的饵料投喂等养殖管理提供参考。Hold one-year-old freshwater mussel Hyriopsis cumingii with body weight of(18.43±4.21)g in 20 L plastic buckets at water temperature of 27℃for one week of relaying.Then diurnal variation in oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of freshwater mussel were measured by indoor still water breathing method.The four initial feeding concentrations of chlorella sp.were set to 1.9×10^9 cells·L^-1,3.25×10^9 cells·L^-1,4.11×10^9 cells·L^-1 and 5.05×10^9 cells·L^-1,and then the daily feeding rhythm and food intake of freshwater mussel were measured.The results showed that the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of freshwater mussel presented two metabolic cycles per day.The first trough of metabolism appeared at 12:00 at noon,and then it gradually raised to 20:00 pm,which time was the first metabolic peak appeared.After that,it gradually declined until the second metabolic trough appeared which was between 0:00 and 2:00 at night,and the second metabolic peak appeared at 4:00 am.It was found that there was significant diurnal variation in the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate in freshwater mussel,significantly higher at night than those in daytime.In addition,it was observed that the daily food intake of freshwater mussel was affected by the concentration of bait feed,and the maximal daily total food intake was observed in freshwater mussel fed the alga at a concentration of 4.11×10^9 cell·L^-1.The findings help to guide the culture management of feeding pattern of the freshwater mussel under industrial culture conditions.

关 键 词：三角帆蚌 耗氧率 排氨率 摄食节律 日摄食量 

分 类 号：S966.221[农业科学—水产养殖]