燃煤锅炉受热面结焦及掉焦灭火机理分析  

Analysis of Heating-surface Slagging and Outfire Mechanism Caused by Slag-dropping in Coal-fired Boilers

作　　者：王帅 吴新[2] 路昆 王凯 李学飞 WANG Shuai;WU Xin;LU Kun;WANG Kai;LI Xuefei(Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310030,China;School of Energy and Environment,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China)

机构地区：[1]华电电力科学研究院有限公司,杭州310030 [2]东南大学能源与环境学院,南京210096

出　　处：《动力工程学报》2020年第11期865-871,905,共8页Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering

摘　　要：通过掉焦形貌对比、炉膛压力波动分析、设计煤种结焦特性分析、事故煤种镜质体反射率检测、炉膛设计参数分析和锅炉运行方式分析,对1 000 MW、660 MW、330 MW和220 MW等4台不同容量燃煤锅炉受热面结焦及掉焦灭火机理进行了深入研究。结果表明:掉焦引起锅炉主燃料跳闸(MFT)前炉膛压力波动曲线共同的特点是炉膛压力首先突升,主要原因是炉膛下部可燃气体爆燃,次要原因是渣池内水大量汽化进入炉内;设计煤种为烟煤的锅炉掺烧无烟煤比例较大时易形成蓝黑色琉璃状焦块,掺烧低灰熔点烟煤比例较大时易形成淡黄色多孔状焦块,烟煤中贫煤的比例较大易使焦块夹杂一定数量的黑色焦炭颗粒。A study was conducted on the heating-surface slagging and outfire mechanism caused by slag-dropping in four coal-fired units of 1 000 MW, 660 MW, 330 MW and 220 MW, respectively, through analysis of the falling slag macroscopic morphology, furnace pressure fluctuation, slagging of design coal, vitrinite reflectance of accident coal, furnace design parameters and boiler operation mode. Results show that the common feature of outfire failures during slag-dropping before main fuel trip(MFT) is that the furnace pressure jumps first, which is mainly due to the combustible gas explosion in the lower part of the furnace, and secondly due to the entry of a large amount of water vapor into the furnace. For bituminous coal-fired boilers, it is easy to form coloured glaze like blue-black slags when the ratio of mixed anthracite is large, and it is easy to form pale yellow porous slags when the ratio of mixed bituminous coal with low ash melting point is large;a certain number of black coke particles would appear in the slags when the ratio of lean coal to bituminous coal is large.

关 键 词：燃煤锅炉 烟气 炉膛压力 结焦 

分 类 号：TK227[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]