客家送大神仪式的民俗学田野调查  

The Folklore Fieldwork of Hakka's Sending the Dashen Ritual

作　　者：王天鹏[1,2] 孙赫 WANG Tianpeng;SUN He(Institute of Hakka,Gannan Normal University,Ganzhou 341000,China;Institute of Social Development,Gannan Normal University,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]赣南师范大学客家研究中心,江西赣州341000 [2]赣南师范大学社会发展研究中心,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《赣南师范大学学报》2021年第1期70-73,共4页Journal of Gannan Normal University

基　　金：2016年国家社科规划项目(16BMZ084);2015年江西省教育厅科技项目(150992)。

摘　　要：赣南客家送大神仪式是送船仪式的一种地方性类型。送大神仪式可以分为起神、扎神、开光、唱船、移神、闹元宵、拜神祈福、送大神等步骤。从民俗学角度对这些步骤进行解读,可以发现整个送神仪式就是一个过渡仪礼,水与火在其中起了重要作用,它是人们处理与自然关系的一种重要手段。通过这种仪式,污秽被消除,村落重新回到洁净的状态,宗族内部和村落共同体的关系也得到一定程度的团结和整合。The ceremony of sending the Dashen in the Hakka area in Gannan is a local type of the ceremony of delivering ships.The ceremony of sending the Dashen can be divided into steps such as getting up the god,piercing the god,opening the light,singing the ship,moving the god,celebrating the Lantern Festival,praying to the god for happniess,sending the god and so on.Interpreting these steps from the perspective of folklore,it can be found that the entire ritual of sending the Dashen is a transitional ritual,in which water and fire play an important role,and it is an important means for people to deal with the relationship with nature.Through this ritual,the pollution is eliminated,the village returns to a clean state,and the relationship between the clan and the village community is also united and integrated to a certain extent.

关 键 词：送大神 唱船 污秽 宗族 

分 类 号：C953[社会学—民族学]