青藏高原沙棘林间补播草地放养鸡的生长性能、屠体性能及肉品质比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Growth Performance,Carcass Characteristic and Meat Quality of Free-ranging Chickens in Sea-buckthorn Forest Grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：郑明利 毛培春[1] 张春平 田小霞[1] 俞旸[2] 孟林[1] Zheng Mingli;Mao Peichun;Zhang Chunping;Tian Xiaoxia;Yu Yang;Meng Lin(Beijing Research and Development Center for Grass and Environment,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院/北京草业与环境研究发展中心,北京100097 [2]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草学》2020年第6期65-70,共6页Journal of Grassland and Forage Science

基　　金：青海省重大科技专项(2018-NK-A2);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20200801)资助。

摘　　要：本试验以12周龄的健康红羽鸡、黑凤鸡和白土鸡为研究对象,单因子完全随机设计,按不同鸡品种将其分为三组,每组3次重复,每重复40只鸡,采用林间补播草地放养与适当精料补饲相结合的养殖方式,通过对青藏高原沙棘林间补播草地生态放养鸡模式下不同鸡品种的生长性能、屠体性能及肉品质等指标的比较分析,旨在筛选适宜林间补播草地生态放养的鸡品种。结果表明,红羽鸡的日增重、活体重、屠体重、全净膛重、胸肌重和腿肌重分别为16.32 g、1969.27 g、1769.50 g、1359.37 g、144.53 g和126.23 g,均显著高于白土鸡和黑凤鸡(P<0.05);红羽鸡的胸肌粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、肌苷酸、总氨基酸和必需氨基酸含量分别为24.03 g/100g、0.88 g/100g、1.17 g/100g、2.59 mg/g、22.39 g/100g和8.7 g/100g,腿肌粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、肌苷酸、总氨基酸和必需氨基酸含量分别为19.80 g/100g、3.43 g/100g、1.13 g/100g、1.66 mg/g、18.51 g/100g和7.27 g/100g,肌肉营养价值和品质较好。因此,推荐红羽鸡是适宜青藏高原沙棘林间补播草地生态放养的鸡品种。The purpose of this study was to compare the growth performance,carcass characteristic and meat quality of free-ranging chickens in sea-buckthorn forest grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.12 weeks red feather chicken,black chicken and white chicken were selected and divided into three groups according to the breed,with three replicates per group and 40 chickens in each replicate.The whole process of grassland grazing and supplement feeding was adopted.The results showed that the daily weight gain,body weight,slaughtering weight,eviscerated carcass weight,breast muscle weight and thigh muscle weight of red feather chicken were 16.32 g,1969.27 g,1769.50 g,1355.37 g,144.53 g and 126.23 g,which were significantly higher than those for white chicken and black chicken;crude protein,crude fat,crude ash,inosine acid,total amino acid and essential amino acid contents of red feather chicken breast muscle are 24.03 g/100g,0.88 g/100g,1.17 g/100g,2.59 mg/g,22.39 g/100g and 8.7g/100g,crude protein,crude fat,crude ash,inosine acid,total amino acid and essential amino acid contents of red feather chicken thigh muscle were 19.80 g/100g,3.43 g/100g,1.13 g/100g,1.66 mg/g,18.51 g/100g and 7.27 g/100g,indicating that the muscle nutritional value and flavor quality are good.Therefore,it is recommended to choose red feather chicken for free-ranging chickens in sea-buckthorn forest grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关 键 词：林间补播草地 放养鸡 生长性能 屠体性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S813.6[农业科学—畜牧学]