黄蒿嫁接对茶用菊花生长、产量与品质的影响  

Effects of Grafting Artemisia annua on Growth,Yield and Quality of Tea Chrysanthemum

作　　者：杨景慧 孙宪芝[1] 郑成淑[1] 张胜 张雪莹 刘芳芳 YANG Jing-hui;SUN Xian-zhi;ZHENG Cheng-shu;ZHANG Sheng;ZHANG Xue-ying;LIU Fang-fang(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering/Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期1020-1026,共7页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：山东省林业科技创新项目(LYCX06-2018-33)。

摘　　要：茶用菊花是菊花中一类以茶用为主药食兼优的品种,经黄蒿嫁接的茶用菊花可增强抵抗生物胁迫与非生物胁迫的能力,但是否对其产量和品质造成影响还不清楚。本文以茶用菊‘杭白菊’(HB)、‘金丝菊’(JS)、‘皇菊’(HJ)为接穗,黄蒿(Artemisia annua Linn.)为砧木进行劈接,扦插苗为对照(嫁接记为G,扦插记为C),探究嫁接对茶菊生长发育、产量与饮用品质的影响。结果表明:嫁接苗的株高、茎粗、冠幅、分枝数指标均优于扦插苗,地上部干重、地下部干重也不同程度提高,‘金丝菊’、‘皇菊’嫁接苗根冠比高于同品种扦插苗;三种茶菊嫁接苗的现蕾期、透色期和盛花期均有所提前;与对照相比,‘杭白菊’、‘金丝菊’、‘皇菊’嫁接苗的单株花朵数显著增加129.2%、31.6%、19.2%,平均亩产量分别提高了74.0%、15.9%、41.1%;嫁接使三种茶菊2个功能性指标黄酮和绿原酸含量增加,水浸出物、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量变化不显著。黄蒿嫁接可以显著提高茶菊的长势和产量,且不会对茶菊的饮用品质造成明显影响,是实现茶菊绿色高效栽培的一项有效措施。Tea chrysanthemum is mainly used for tea,and also suitable for medicines and food.Previous studies have shown that the grafting onto Artemisia annua can significantly improve the resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses of tea chrysanthemum,but the impact on its production and quality remains unclear.In this study,the tea chrysanthemums of‘Hangbaiju’(HB),‘Jinsiju’(JS)and‘Huangju’(HJ)were grafted onto A.annua,and the effects of grafting on the growth,yield and quality were explored,with the cutting seedlings as control(grafting is G,and cuttage is C).The results show that,the height,stem diameter,crown width and branch number of the grafted seedlings were all better than that of the cuttings,and the dry weight of the aboveground and underground parts was also increased to different degrees.The root/shoot ratios of grafted‘JS’and‘HJ’were both higher than the control;the squaring period,color permeation stage and full-bloom stage of grafted seedlings were all advanced;compared with the control,the number of flowers per plant of grafted‘HB’,‘JS’and‘HJ’increased respectively by 129.2%,31.6%and 19.2%,and the average yield per mu increased by 74.0%,15.9%and41.1%.The content of functional indexes(flavonoids and chlorogenic acid)of three grafted tea chrysanthemum increased,and the contents of water extract,soluble sugar and soluble protein did not change significantly.The results showed that,grafting significantly promoted the growth and yield of tea chrysanthemum,and had no obvious effect on the quality.Grafting is an effective measure to realize green and efficient cultivation of tea chrysanthemum.

关 键 词：嫁接 茶用菊花 生长 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]