面向海洋环境观测的最大似然浮标定位方法  

Maximum likelihood localization of buoy for marnine environmental observation

作　　者：罗清华[1,2] 宋杨 Luo Qinghua;Song Yang(Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai,Weihai 264209,China;Shandong Institute of Shipbuilding Technology,Weihai 264209,China;Shandong Weihai Eco-Environment Monitoring Center,Weihai 264200,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(威海),山东威海264209 [2]山东船舶技术研究院,山东威海264209 [3]山东省威海生态环境监测中心,山东威海264200

出　　处：《无线互联科技》2020年第22期7-10,共4页Wireless Internet Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金,项目编号:61671174,61601142;卫星导航系统和装备技术国家重点实验室开放课题,项目编号:EX166840037,EX166840044;山东省自然科学基金,项目编号:ZR2015FM027,ZR2014FM023;山东省重大科技创新工程项目,项目编号:2017CXGC0921;航天科学技术基金,项目编号:2017-HT-HG-16;广西重点实验室开放基金项目,项目编号:YQ14205,YQ15203;哈尔滨工业大学创新基金,项目编号:HIT.NSRIF.2015122,HIT.NSRIF.201721;威海市科技计划项目,项目编号:16;哈尔滨工业大学(威海)学科引导基金,项目编号:WH20150211。

摘　　要：浮标是对海洋环境监测的重要手段之一,然而没有位置信息的海洋观测数据是没有意义的,因此,高精度的定位对于浮标观测显得尤为重要。然而海洋环境复杂,电磁波在海面衰减严重且衰减模型复杂,信号反射、多径传输严重,引起未知浮标与参考浮标间的距离测量结果中存在不同程度的误差,导致浮标定位精度较低。为此,文章提出改进的最大似然浮标定位方法。在该方法中,首先采用双边对等双向测距方法和nano PAN 5375RF硬件平台实现未知浮台与各个参考浮台间距离的多次测量。然后对这些测量结果进行统计分析。最后采用算法,选择出高质量的距离测量结果构建最大似然定位方程组,获得高精度的浮标定位结果。实验结果表明,该方法具有较高的定位结果,可以应用在实际的浮标监测环境中。Buoy is one of the important means of marine environment monitoring.However,ocean observation data without position information is meaningless.Therefore,high-precision positioning is particularly important for buoy observation.However,due to the complex marine environment,electromagnetic wave attenuation in the sea surface is serious and attenuation model is complex,and signal reflection and multipath transmission are serious,resulting in different degrees of errors in the measurement results of the distance between the unknown buoy and the reference buoy,resulting in low positioning accuracy of the buoy.Therefore,an improved maximum likelihood buoy positioning method is proposed in this paper.In this method,bilateral peer-to-peer bidirectional ranging method and Nano PAN 5375RF hardware platform are firstly adopted to realize multiple measurements of distance between unknown floating platforms and various reference floating platforms.The results of these measurements were then statistically analyzed.Finally,the algorithm is used to select the high-quality distance measurement results to construct the maximum likelihood positioning equations and obtain the buoy positioning results with high precision.The experimental results show that this method has high positioning performance and can be applied to the actual buoy monitoring environment.

关 键 词：浮标 定位 最大似然 

分 类 号：P715.2[天文地球—海洋科学]