研发投入与技术前沿差距的“索洛悖论”——基于研发人力资本的解释  

The“Solow Paradox”of R&D Input and Technological Frontier Gap:An Analysis Based on the Explanation of R&D Human Capital

作　　者：杨帆[1] 王满仓[2] YANG Fan;WANG Man-cang(School of Economics and Management,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710127 [2]西北大学经济管理学院金融系,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《现代财经（天津财经大学学报）》2020年第12期96-110,共15页Modern Finance and Economics：Journal of Tianjin University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(71704141);教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目(17YJC790084)。

摘　　要：利用2015—2018年中国信息技术产业上市公司面板数据系统考察研发投入、研发人力资本对技术前沿差距的直接影响与复合效应,探究研发投入与技术前沿差距之间是否也存在类似的"索洛悖论",同时检验所有制的异质性表现。经验研究表明,单纯的研发投入扩大了技术前沿差距,表现出了"索洛悖论"特征。相比,研发人力资本水平的提升能够有效实现技术前沿差距的缩小。进一步,研发投入需依托一定水平的研发人力资本才能实现对前沿技术的追赶效应,且具有时滞性;研发人力资本配比研发投入度越高,越有利于追赶前沿技术,特别是在高研发人力资本配比水平下。由此可见,研发投入与研发人才的错配可能是诱发该"索洛悖论"的重要因素。从所有制差异检验结果来看,民企较国企更具追赶潜力。文章验证了研发投入与技术前沿差距"索洛悖论"的存在性,从研发人力资本的视角对研发投入与技术前沿差距的"索洛悖论"做出了自洽的解释。Using the panel data system of listed companies in China’s information technology industry from 2015 to 2018,this paper investigates the direct impact and compound effect of R&D investment and R&D human capital on the gap of technology frontier,explores whether there is a similar"Solow paradox"between R&D investment and the gap of technology frontier,and tests the heterogeneity of ownership.The empirical research shows that the simple R&D investment expands the technological frontier gap,showing the characteristic of"Solow paradox".By contrast,the improvement of R&D human capital level can effectively reduce the gap of technological frontier.Furthermore,R&D investment needs to rely on a certain level of R&D human capital to achieve the catch-up effect of cutting-edge technologies,and it has a time lag.The higher the ratio of R&D human capital,the more advantageous it is to catch up with the frontier technology,especially under the high ratio of R&D human capital.Thus,it can be seen that the mismatch between R&D investment and R&D talent may be an important factor inducing the"Solow paradox".From the ownership difference test results,private enterprises have more potential to catch up than state-owned enterprises.This paper demonstrates the existence of the"Solow paradox"of the gap between R&D investment and technology frontier,and gives a self-consistent explanation of the"Solow paradox"from the perspective of R&D human capital.

关 键 词：研发投入 技术前沿差距 研发人力资本 ACF方法 

分 类 号：F061.3[经济管理—政治经济学]