“液态”“半液态”“气态”:网络共同体的“三态”  

Liquid, Semi-liquid, Gas: Three States of Community in Online Society

作　　者：彭兰[1,2] PENG Lan(Journalism School at Renmin University;Research Center of Journalism and Society Development at Renmin University)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学新闻学院 [2]中国人民大学新闻与社会发展研究中心

出　　处：《国际新闻界》2020年第10期31-47,共17页Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication

摘　　要：网络共同体是网络中以某些共性或纽带连接在一起的人群集合。网络共同体有不同的模式和形态。社区、社群、族群、圈子是网络中典型的共同体模式,它们具有一定的稳定性,但相比现实社会的共同体,流动性要更强,可以看作是"液态"或"半液态"的。在网络社会发展的过程中,早期"液态"的共同体中的一部分逐渐走向"半液态"化。而在各种实在的共同体外,还有一种人们想象出来的心理共同体,这种可以称为"同温层"的"气态"共同体,给了人们随时寻找心理支持的可能。多种多样的共同体,虽然给人们带来各种庇护,但也给公共交流带来一定的障碍。There are several models of community connecting similar people together in internet society, such as virtual community, online group, online ethnic group and online circle. Comparing with those stable communities in real world, online communities are more flowable, like liquid or semi-liquid. However, with the development of internet society, many "liquid" communities gradually turned to be "semi-liquid". Beyond above models of online community, there is another kind of imagined psychological community, which can be compared to stratosphere. People can also seek support in this "gaseous" community. Though various communities can provide shelters to people, they may also produce some barriers topublic communication.

关 键 词：共同体 网络社区 网络社群 网络族群 网络圈子 同温层 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]