美国是二战后东、西方冷战的主要制造者  

The United States is the main producer of the Cold War between East and West after World War Ⅱ

作　　者：于洪君 Yu Hongjun(Chinese People’s Association for Peace and Disarmament)

机构地区：[1]中国人民争取和平与裁军协会

出　　处：《欧亚人文研究（中俄文）》2020年第4期21-30,共10页Eurasian Humanities Studies

摘　　要：第二次世界大战尚未结束,美国即开始进行"对付"战时盟友苏联的战略谋划。凯南"八千字电报"提出"遏制"战略,丘吉尔富尔敦演说煽风点火,杜鲁门国情咨文成为冷战宣言。这种冷战的突出特点是扩张与遏制齐头并进,最终目的是树立美国的全球领袖地位。为此,美国实施马歇尔计划加剧欧洲分裂,构建北约组织强化东西方对抗,两个德国与朝鲜半岛被打造成冷战对抗的前沿阵地,苏联被置于严重孤立的国际环境之中,战略上长期处于守势。美国目前的综合国力今不如昔,但霸气不减当年。国际社会对此应有充分认识和足够准备。Before the end of the Second World War, the United States had already begun to make strategic plans to "deal with" its wartime ally, the Soviet Union. Kennan’s "8000-word telegram" put forward the "containment" strategy, Churchill Fulton’s speech ignited the fire, and Truman’s State of the Union Address became the declaration of the Cold War. The prominent feature of this Cold war is the simultaneous utilization of expansion and containment with the ultimate goal of establishing the United States as the global leader. To this end, the United States implemented the Marshall Plan to intensify the division of Europe, and founded the NATO to trigger confrontation between the East and the West. As a result, East and West Germany and the Korean peninsula were built into the front lines of Cold War confrontation;the Soviet Union was placed in a seriously isolated international environment and was forced to be strategically on the defensive for a long time. The current comprehensive national strength of the United States is not the same as it used to be, but its domineering posture is no less than it was then. The international community must be fully aware of and prepared for this.

关 键 词：遏制战略 富尔敦演说 杜鲁门主义 马歇尔计划 北大西洋公约组织 

分 类 号：K15[历史地理—历史学]