香港机场附近海域近20 a大风过程统计分析  

Statistical analysis of gale processes near Hong Kong airport in the past 20 years

作　　者：刘凯[1,2] 宋晓姜[1] 王彰贵[1] 于海鹏[1] 郭安博宇[1] LIU Kai;SONG Xiao-jiang;WANG Zhang-gui;YU Hai-peng;GUO An-bo-yu(National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center,Beijing 100081 China;Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science,Beijing 100081 China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境预报中心,北京100081 [2]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《海洋预报》2020年第5期67-75,共9页Marine Forecasts

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1407001)。

摘　　要：利用香港赤腊角的自动气象站观测资料,对香港机场附近海域近20 a大风过程进行统计分析。结果表明:年平均大风日数为35 d。6级以上大风过程为21.6次,4个季节均有发生,但主要集中在冬、春两季;7级以上大风过程为4.8次,8级以上大风过程为1.3次,7—8级大风过程主要集中在夏、秋两季,冬季没有8级以上大风过程。冷空气、对流性天气、台风和西南季风是影响该区域的主要天气系统,其中又以冷空气最为频繁。不同路径冷空气对施工海域的影响存在显著差异,东路冷空气易造成偏东风大风,过程持续时间最长,西路和中路冷空气易造成偏北风大风,过程持续时间较短。台风影响香港机场附近海域的时间主要集中在7—9月。Based on the observation data of the automatic weather station in Chila Point,the gale processes near Hong Kong airport in the past 20 years is analyzed.It is found that the average gale days is 35 per year.The gale process over scale 6 occurs 21.6 times per year,which happens throughout the year and most frequently in winter and spring.The gale process over scale 7 and scale 8 occur 4.8 and 1.3 times per year,respectively.The gale process between scale 7 and 8 mostly happens in summer and autumn,while there is no gale process over scale 8 in wither.Cold air,convective weather,typhoon and southwest monsoon are the main weather systems that affects the Hong Kong airport area,among which the cold air is most frequent.Meanwhile,there are significant differences in the impact of cold air with different paths on the construction sea area.Cold air from the east path is liable to cause the longest duration of easterly gale process,while cold air from the west and middle path is liable to cause the shortest duration of northerly gale process.The typhoon affecting the Hong Kong airport area mainly occurs between July and September.

关 键 词：香港机场 大风过程 影响天气系统 

分 类 号：P732.1[天文地球—海洋科学]