特种设备现场金相检验中常见异常组织及原因分析  

Common Abnormal Metallographic Structure and its Cause Analysis in On-site Metallographic Examination of Special Equipment

作　　者：李国政 王振江 张爱庆 Li Guozheng;Wang Zhenjiang;Zhang Aiqing(Jiaozuo Branch of the Boiler&Pressure Vessel Safety Inspection Institute of Henan Province,Jiaozuo 454003)

机构地区：[1]河南省锅炉压力容器安全检测研究院焦作分院,焦作454003

出　　处：《中国特种设备安全》2020年第11期34-39,72,共7页China Special Equipment Safety

基　　金：河南省科技攻关资助项目(182102310789)。

摘　　要：现场金相检验是特种设备检验尤其电站锅炉检验中的一项必备检验手段,对保证特种设备的安全运行具有重要作用。本文首先阐明了金相检验的成像机理、要点及在特种设备检验中的应用,然后总结了在现场实际检验中发现的常见异常组织,包括:洙光体球化、石墨化、带状组织和显微组织偏析、显微裂纹、贝氏体组织、过热组织、T 91钢异常组织等,分析了各类异常组织产生的原因及应对措施,为现场金相检验人员提供一定理论参考和实际应用价值。On-site metallographic inspection is a necessary inspection means in the inspection of special equipment,especially in the inspection of power station boilers,which plays an important role in ensuring the safe operation of special equipment.This paper first expounds the imaging mechanism and main points of metallographic examination and its application in the inspection of special equipment,and then summarizes the common abnormal structures found in the field inspection,including pearlite spheroidization,graphitization,banded structure and microstructure segregation,micro-crack,bainite structure,overheated structure,Abnormal structure of T91 steel,etc.,and analyzes the causes and countermeasures of all kinds of abnormal structure.It provides some theoretical reference and practical application value for on-site metallographic examiners.

关 键 词：金相检验 异常组织 珠光体球化 石墨化 T91钢 

分 类 号：X924[环境科学与工程—安全科学]