济南市近15年流行性出血热发病热点及流行特征分析  

Analysis of the hot spot and epidemiologic characteristics of HFRS in Jinan in recent 15 years

作　　者：王蔚茹[1] 肖冻 赵梦娇[1] 耿兴义[1] WANG Wei-rui;XIAO Dong;ZHAO Meng-jiao;GENG Xing-yi(Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan 250021,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250021

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第24期4435-4438,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的明确济南市流行性出血热发病热点地区,掌握流行特征。方法利用济南市2005-2019年流行性出血热疫情资料,采用Arc Gis 10.2进行街道/乡镇层级的热点扫描,并进行可视化展现;采用描述流行病学方法分析流行特征。结果2005-2019年济南市累计报告流行性出血热病例705例,年均发病率为0.71/10万;死亡16人,病死率2.27%。病例以40岁~到70岁~年龄组为主,占病例总数的66.95%;职业以农民为主(75.89%);热点乡镇、街道主要分布在商河县的禽类养殖区,章丘区、长清区和市中区的部分山区,以及槐荫区和历下区的部分旧村和CBD建设区。结论济南市流行性出血热处于低流行状态,病死率较高;季节性明显;40岁以上农民是主要发病人群;热点以乡镇为主,也有随拆建向部分城区扩散的趋势,在高发地区及周边应采取持久的综合防制措施。Objective The study aimed to identified the hot spots of HFRS in Jinan,and grasped the epidemic characteristics.Methods Using the epidemic report data of HFRS in Jinan from 2005 to 2019,ArcGis 10.2 was used to scan hot spots at the street/township level and visualized the results.The epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.Results From 2005 to 2019,705 cases of HFRS have been reported in Jinan,with an average annual incidence of 0.71/100,000.Sixteen deaths were reported,Case fatality rate was 2.27%.Cases were mainly distributed in the age group from 40 to70 years old,accounting for 66.95%of the total number of cases.Farmers were the main occupational group(75.89%).Hot towns and streets are mainly distributed in the poultry breeding area of Shanghe County,some mountainous areas of Zhangqiu District,Changqing District and Shizhong District,as well as some old villages and CBD construction areas of Huaiyin District and Lixia District.Conclusion Epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Jinan city is in a low epidemic state with high fatality rate and apparent seasonality.Farmers over 40 years old are the main patients.Hot towns and streets are mainly in towns and villages,but they also tend to spread to urban areas along with demolition and construction.Continuous comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken in high incidence areas and surrounding areas.

关 键 词：流行性出血热 流行特征 热点图 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]