超超临界汽轮机快速冷却技术及其寿命损耗研究  

Research on Rapid Cooling Technology and Life Loss of Ultra-supercritical Steam Turbine

作　　者：刘天佐 唐敏锦 赵朋飞[2] 金晓 张国栋[2] LIU Tian-zuo;TANG Min-jin;ZHAO Peng-fei;JIN Xiao;ZHANG Guo-dong(Technical Service Branch,Huadian Power International Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250014,China;Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute,Suzhou 215004,China)

机构地区：[1]华电国际电力股份有限公司技术服务分公司,济南250014 [2]苏州热工研究院有限公司,苏州215004

出　　处：《汽轮机技术》2020年第6期442-446,共5页Turbine Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(项目号:2017YFB0702200);广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(项目号:2019B030302011)资助。

摘　　要：基于转子应力-温差公式,计算了快冷中冷却空气与转子金属之间允许温差;采用有限元方法对超超临界机组高压汽缸和转子整体进行了停机冷却模拟;分析了快冷过程中温度和应力的变化,预测了冷却时间;评估了快冷过程中的寿命损耗。结果表明,由于轴承油的强冷却效果,转子冷却比汽缸快,常温空气和实际转子温度之间的温差比测量值小,能够满足空气与金属允许温差的要求。常温空气快冷的热应力不大,启动-快冷停机过程的寿命损耗很小。由于常温空气快冷不需要额外设备,易操作,具有较明显的优势,有望在更多的火电、核电机组上推广。Based on the rotor stress-temperature difference formula,this paper calculates the allowable temperature difference between the cooling air and the rotor metal during rapid cooling,the finite element method is used to simulate the shutdown of the high pressure cylinder and rotor of the ultra-supercritical unit as a whole.Changes in temperature and stress predict the cooling time,the life loss during rapid cooling is evaluated.The results show that due to the strong cooling effect of the bearing oil,the rotor cools faster than the cylinder,and the temperature difference between the room temperature air and the actual rotor temperature is smaller than the measured value,which can meet the requirements of the allowable temperature difference between air and metal.The thermal stress of rapid cooling of room temperature air is not large,and the life loss of the startup-quick cooling shutdown process is small.Since the rapid cooling of room temperature air requires no additional equipment,is easy to operate,and has obvious advantages,it is expected to be promoted on more thermal power and nuclear power units.

关 键 词：汽轮机 快速冷却 温差 寿命损耗 

分 类 号：TK263[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]