凡纳滨对虾SNP标记开发与家系亲缘关系验证分析  

Development of SNP Markers and Verification Analysis of Relationship on Family in Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：刘峻宇 刘均辉 孔杰[2] 代平[2] 于洋[3] 孟宪红[2] 罗坤[2] 曹宝祥[2] 陈宝龙[2] 高焕 栾生[2] LIU Junyu;LIU Junhui;KONG Jie;DAI Ping;YU Yang;MENG Xianhong;LUO Kun;CAO Baoxiang;CHEN Baolong;GAO Huan;LUAN Sheng(College of Marine Life and Fisheries,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071;Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学海洋生命与水产学院,江苏省海洋生物资源与生态环境重点实验室,连云港222005 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,青岛266071 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所,中国科学院实验海洋生物学重点实验室,青岛266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2021年第1期108-116,共9页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0901301);山东省农业良种工程(2017LZN011);农业农村部农业国际合作交流项目-热带国家水产养殖科技创新合作;湛江市水产良种体系建设项目(zj002)共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究基于转录组序列开发了37个SNP标记,并对22个凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)家系进行了遗传多样性、家系聚类和亲子鉴定分析,探讨SNP标记在对虾家系选择育种中的应用途径。结果显示,37个SNP位点在凡纳滨对虾22个家系中的平均期望杂合度(He)和平均观测杂合度(Ho)分别为0.38和0.34;平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.30,属于中度多态性(0.25<PIC<0.5)。对家系进行遗传距离计算和聚类分析,半同胞家系F11和F17间的遗传距离最小(0.04),最先聚在一起。亲子鉴定结果表明,在双亲性别已知情况下,亲子间的累积排除率(CPE)为99.99%,子代的实际鉴定率为77.27%。研究表明,在凡纳滨对虾性状测试和系谱追踪过程中,利用高质量的SNP标记代替物理标记来识别家系是一种准确可行的方法。The Large-scale family-based selective breeding can effectively increase genetic gain in shrimp,but tagging individuals for tracking pedigree is time-consuming,labor-intensive,and would cause inaccurate kinship.Molecular markers are effective in solving this problem.In this study,we developed 37 SNP markers derived from transcriptome sequences and performed analysis on genetic diversity,family clustering,and parentage for 22 families of Litopenaeus vannamei.The results provided examples for the application of SNP markers in selective breeding of shrimp.The results showed that the average expected heterozygosity(He)and observed heterozygosity(Ho)for 37 SNP loci were 0.38 and 0.34,respectively.Further,the average polymorphism information content(PIC)was 0.30,which means moderate polymorphism(0.25<PIC<0.5).The half-sib family F11 and F17 were firstly clustered together in the dendrogram and the genetic distance between them was 0.04.A highly cumulative probability exclusion(CPE)of 99.99% was obtained when the gender of parents was all known and the real identification rate was 77%.In conclusion,it is an accurate and feasible method to identify families using high-quality SNP markers instead of physical markers when testing trait and tracking pedigree in Litopenaeus vannamei.

关 键 词：家系 SNP标记 遗传多样性 聚类分析 亲子鉴定 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]