冬季绿肥作物诸葛菜和甘蓝型油菜的蜜粉源价值评价比较  

Value Evaluation of Nectar and Pollen Sources of Brassica napus and Orychophragmus violaceus as Winter Green Manure Crop

作　　者：孙学武[1] 沈浦[1] 于天一[1] 郑永美[1] 吴正锋[1] 王才斌[1] Sun Xuewu;Shen Pu;Yu Tianyi;Zheng Yongmei;Wu Zhengfeng;Wang Caibin(Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2020年第12期47-50,共4页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010702);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2018B05);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201000)。

摘　　要：本研究于大田条件下测定比较冬绿肥油菜和诸葛菜的单花泌蜜量、单花朵花粉量和单花药花粉量,评价比较两者的蜜粉源价值。结果表明,油菜、诸葛菜单花药花粉数量分别为2.00万~8.58万粒和6.14万~13.83万粒,个体均差异较大;单花花粉平均干重分别为0.38 mg和0.67 mg;单花泌蜜量平均值分别为0.73mg和0.65 mg。绿肥油菜翻压前可产干花粉113.83 kg/hm^2,可分泌花蜜218.68 kg/hm^2;诸葛菜可产干花粉131.17 kg/hm^2,可分泌花蜜127.26 kg/hm^2。The nectar production and pollen production per flower as well as pollen number per anther of Brassica napus and Orychophragmus violaceus in field conditions were determined,and the value of nectar and pollen sources were evaluated and compared.The results showed that the pollen number per anther of B.napus and O.violaceus were 20.0 thousand^85.8 thousand grains and 61.4 thousand^138.3 thousand grains,respectively,and the individual differences were large.The average dry weight of pollen per flower were 0.38 mg and 0.67 mg,and the average amount of nectar per flower were 0.73 mg and 0.65 mg.Before turning over as green manure,113.83 kg/hm^2 dry pollen and 218.68 kg/hm^2 nectar could be produced by B.napus,while 131.17 kg/hm^2 and 127.26 kg/hm^2 could be produced by O.violaceus,respectively.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 诸葛菜 单花泌蜜量 单花花粉量 单花药花粉数量 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] S681.9[农业科学—园艺学]