20世纪初“新史学”主体意识的形成  

The Formation of"New History"Subject Consciousness in the Early 20th Century

作　　者：刘永祥[1] 杨清然 LIU Yong-xiang;YANG Qing-ran(Institute of Chinese Social History,Ocean University of China,Qingdao,Shandong 266100)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学中国社会史研究所,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《淮阴师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第5期471-477,483,539,540,共10页Journal of Huaiyin Teachers College(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：对“新史学”的考察应突破思想层面的单一尺度,将其定义为新的知识生产典范。从纵向发展来看,戊戌时期是新典范的酝酿阶段,20世纪最初十年则为形成阶段;从横向效果来看,“新史学”既提出了有别于传统“良史”的新的职业规范,又借助教育、出版等多元途径进行全社会扩散。“新史学”典范的确立是中国学术现代转型中的一环,“中国无史”是“中国无学”这一逻辑推演的必然结果。所谓史学走向中心只是相对经学而言,实则二者一齐衰落,被整合进现代学科体系中,经学不再是独立学科,史学则转换为文化意义上的基础性学科。“新史学”的主体意识还表现在,在吸收文明史学精华的同时,严词驳斥日本史家和西方传教士所炮制的“中国停滞论”“西方中心论”等民族歧视观点,主动承担起塑造国民历史记忆、培育爱国精神的时代责任,立足中国本身创造出新的历史书写模式,并试图重写世界史,在人类文明体系中争得相应位置。The investigation of"new history"should breakthrough the single dimension of ideological level,which should be defined as the model of new knowledge production.Seen from the longitudinal development,the Wuxu Period was the preparation stage of new model,and the first 10 years of the 20th century was the formation stage;seen from the horizontal effect,in"new history",not only new professional norms different from the traditional"true history"is put forward,it is also spread throughout the society via multielement routes including education and publication,etc.The establishment of"new history"model is a link of modern transformation of Chinese academy,and"no history in China"is an inevitable result of the deductive logic of"no academy in China".The so-called trend center of historical science is simply comparative to the study of Confucian classics,in fact,both of them are declining and integrated in the modern subject system,thus the study of Confucian classics is no longer an independent subject,and historical science has been converted to a fundamental subject on the level of cultural significance.The subject consciousness of"new history"is also manifested as follows:while absorbing the essence of civilized historical science,refute opinions with ethnic discrimination in strong terms,such as"the theory of China's stagnation"and"west-centered theory",etc.processed by Japanese historians and western missionaries,take the initiative to undertake the responsibilities of moulding national historical memory and cultivating patriotism,etc.in this era,keep a foothold on the new history writing mode created by China itself and try to rewrite the world history,thus winning a relevant position in the human civilization system.

关 键 词：新史学 知识生产 经学 文明史学 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]