便携式机动车超细颗粒物粒径谱仪研制  

Development of Portable Ultrafine Particle Sizer for Motor Vehicle Emission

作　　者：周纪彤 王焕钦[2] 胡俊涛[1] 杨杰[2] 孙强 虞发军 桂华侨 刘建国[3] ZHOU Jitong;WANG Huanqin;HU Juntao;YANG Jie;SUN Qiang;YU Fajun;GUI Huaqiao;LIU Jianguo(National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology,Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology,Institute of Intelligent Machines,Hefei Institute of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology,Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学光电技术研究院特种显示技术国家工程实验室,安撤合肥230009 [2]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院智能机械研究所传感技术联合国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [3]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院安徽光学精密机械研究所,中国科学院环境光学与技术重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《大气与环境光学学报》2020年第6期448-460,共13页Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划,2016YFC0201000;国家自然科学基金,61673368;安徽省杰出青年科学基金,1808085J19。

摘　　要：精确测量机动车排放尾气中的超细颗粒物粒径分布,对于大气污染和人体健康风险评估意义重大。基于之前研发的单极性荷电器、平板差分电迁移分析仪(PDMA)和法拉第杯静电计(FCE)等模块,研制了一款便携式超细颗粒物粒径谱仪,可实时监测机动车排放尾气中20~500 nm的超细颗粒物粒径分布。开展了自研粒径谱仪的标定实验,结果表明该粒径谱仪所测得的粒径峰值与TSI 3081A/3082筛选出的40 nm和100 nm的单粒径颗粒物相差±5%以内,同时所测得数浓度与毕加索(Pegasor)颗粒物数浓度监测仪(PPS-M)测得的数浓度相差±10%。进而针对不同型号机动车进行了外场实验,实验结果表明汽油和柴油机动车排放尾气中的颗粒物数浓度主要集中在小于40 nm的粒径范围。此外在与商业仪器的比对实验中,自研粒径谱仪测得峰值的中值粒径为20 nm,商业化的静电低压撞击器(ELPI)测得峰值的中值粒径为17 nm,二者相差15%,表明二者具有良好的一致性。Accurately measuring the size distribution of ultrafine particles in the exhaust gas of motor vehicles is of great significance for air pollution and human health risk assessment. Based on previously developed unipolar charger, plate differential mobility analyzer(PDMA) and Faraday cup electrometer(FCE) module, a portable ultrafine particle sizer was developed, which can monitor size distribution of ultrafine particles from 20 to 500 nm in the exhaust gas of motor vehicles in real time. The calibration experiment of the self-developed particle size spectrometer was carried out. It is shown that the particle size peak measured by the portable motor vehicle ultrafine particle sizer is within ±5% of the 40 nm and 100 nm single particle size selected by TSI 3081 A/3082 and the difference between the number concentration measured by the sizer and that measured by Pegasor particle sensor(PPS-M) is ±10%. Furthermore, field experiments were carried out on different types of vehicles. The results show that the concentration of particulate matter in the exhaust gas of gasoline and diesel vehicles is mainly concentrated in the range of particle size less than 40 nm. In addition, in the contrast experiment, the median diameter of the peak measured by the self-developed particle sizer is 20 nm, and the median diameter measured by the commercial electrical low pressure impactor(ELPI) is 17 nm. The difference between the two particle sizers is 15%, indicating that the two particles sizers have good consistency.

关 键 词：超细颗粒物 平板电迁移分析仪 法拉第杯静电计 粒径谱 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X851