广西阳朔县重点药用植物资源现状的调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis on Current Situation of Key Medicinal Plant Resources in Yangshuo County of Guangxi

作　　者：韦婉羚 郭伦发[1] 秦洪波[1] 王新桂[1] 江新能[1] WEI Wanling;GUO Lunfa;QIN Hongbo;WANG Xingui;JIANG Xinneng(Guangxi Institute of Botany,Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin,Guangxi 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2020年第12期2420-2429,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31560088);中医药公共卫生服务补助专项(财社〔2017〕66号);中央引导地方科技发展专项(桂科ZY1949013)。

摘　　要：在第四次全国中药资源普查工作中,采用查阅文献、样线和样方相结合的调查方法,对阳朔县药用植物资源的种类、分布及蕴藏量等进行调查和统计分析。结果表明:(1)本次调查和鉴定,阳朔县共有野生和栽培药用植物919种(包括种下单位),隶属于160科527属;其中野生重点调查药用植物70种,栽培重点调查药用植物6种,国家Ⅰ级保护植物1种,国家Ⅱ级保护植物7种,广西重点保护植物8种。(2)对样方调查中发现的57种野生重点药用植物的出现频率和蕴藏量进行统计,其中60.00%的物种蕴藏量小于100 t,野生重点中药材总蕴藏量11 610.18 t;66.67%的物种出现频率低。可见,阳朔县药用植物资源丰富,珍稀濒危保护植物种类多,生态环境保护较好;但各物种的出现频率和蕴藏量差异大,很多物种野生资源稀缺,对部分药用植物的保护已刻不容缓;建议把旅游业与中药种植业相结合,保护自然景观与生态环境,确保经济与生态协调发展。During the fourth national survey on Chinese material medicine resources, the medicinal plant types, distribution and resources in Yangshuo County were studied by combining the literature review, sample lines and quadrats survey. The results showed that:(1) In this investigation and identification, 919 species(including infraspecific taxa) of wild and cultivated plants were identified in Yangshuo County, which belonging to 160 families, 527 genera. Among them, there were 70 kinds of wild key medicinal plants, six species of cultivated key medicinal plants, one national level Ⅰ protected plant, seven national level Ⅱ protected plants, and eight key protected plants in Guangxi.(2) The occurrence frequency and reserves of 57 species of wild key medicinal plants found in the survey of the quadrats were counted. Among which the reserves of 60.00% species were less than 100 t, and the total reserves of wild key Chinese traditional medicinal crops were 11 610.18 t. In addition, the number of species with low frequency accounted for 66.67%. Yangshuo County had rich medicinal plant resources, with many rare and endangered plants and good ecological environment protection. However, the occurrence frequency and reserves of various species were quite different, and wild resources of many species were scarce. So it is urgent to protect part of medicinal plants. Finally, it is recommended to combine tourism with traditional Chinese medicine farming to protect natural landscapes and ecological environment and ensure coordinated economic and ecological development.

关 键 词：药用植物 蕴藏量 保护利用 阳朔县 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]