20 个甘蔗品种(系)的抗旱性比较  

Evaluation of Drought Resistance on Twenty Sugarcane Varieties(Strains)

作　　者：李晓君 罗正清 陆昌强 唐吉昌 周中 曹琦 LI Xiaojun;LUO Zhengqing;LU Changqiang;TANG Jichang;ZHOU Zhong;CAO Qi(School of Biotechnology and Engineering,West Yunnan University,Lincang,Yunnan 677000,China;Lincang Sugarcane Technology Extension Station,Lincang,Yunnan 677000,China;Shuangjiang Sugarcane Technology Extension Station,Shuangjiang,Yunnan 677300,China)

机构地区：[1]滇西科技师范学院生物技术与工程学院,云南临沧677000 [2]临沧市甘蔗技术推广站,云南临沧677000 [3]双江县甘蔗技术推广站,云南双江677300

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2020年第12期2482-2491,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：云南省科技厅青年项目基金项目(No.2017FD249)。

摘　　要：干旱是限制我国甘蔗产量提高的主要原因。采用桶栽和人工控水的方法,对云南省甘蔗主产区临沧市选取的20个甘蔗品种(系)进行抗旱性分析,通过测定苗期和分蘖期的8个抗逆生理指标,以及分蘖率、成活率和株高3个生长指标,采用模糊隶属函数、主成分分析和系统聚类分析方法对各甘蔗品种(系)的抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明,干旱胁迫后,甘蔗叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量、甘蔗分蘖率、株高和成活率呈下降趋势,而甘蔗叶片丙二醛、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量、质膜透性、SOD和POD酶活性则呈上升趋势。通过模糊隶属函数、主成分分析和系统聚类分析可将20份甘蔗品种(系)材料分为3类,其中7个为抗旱品种(系),6个为中等抗旱品种(系),7个为不抗旱品种(系);根据抗旱综合值,7个抗旱品种(系)的抗旱能力排名为:‘桂糖06-2081’>‘柳城05-136’>‘福农38’>‘柳城03-1137’>‘德蔗03-83’>‘云蔗05-49’>‘福农40’。相关分析表明,与甘蔗抗旱性呈显著正相关的指标分别为成活率、株高和叶片相对含水量,呈显著负相关的指标分别为质膜透性、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量。Drought is the main reason to limit the increase of sugarcane yield in China.The drought resistance of 20 sugarcane varieties(strains)selected from Lincang,the main sugarcane planting area in Yunnan,was analyzed under pot and artificial water control conditions.Eight physiological indexes of stress tolerance at seedling and tillering stage,and tillering rate,survival rate and plant height were determined.Drought resistance of the sugarcane varieties was evaluated by fuzzy membership function,principal component analysis and systematic cluster analysis.After drought stress,the relative water content and chlorophyll content of sugarcane leaves,the tiller rate,plant height and survival rate decreased significantly,while the content of malondialdehyde,proline and soluble sugar,plasma membrane permeability,enzyme activities of SOD and POD showed an increasing trend.20 sugarcane varieties(strains)could be divided into 3 categories through fuzzy membership function,principal component analysis and systematic cluster analysis,including 7 drought-resistant varieties(strains),6 moderately drought-resistant varieties/strains and 7 drought-sensitive varieties(strains).The 7 drought-resistant varieties(strains)ranked as‘GT06-2081’>‘LC05-136’>‘FN38’>‘LC03-1137’>‘DZ03-83’>‘YZ05-49’>‘FN40’according to the comprehensive value.Correlation analysis showed that survival rate,plant height and relative water content of leaves were significantly positively correlated with drought resistance,while plasma membrane permeability,proline and soluble sugar content were significantly negatively correlated with drought resistance.

关 键 词：干旱 甘蔗 抗旱性 品种(系) 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]