在役农机装备预防性成组维修策略研究  

Preventive Group Maintenance Strategy for In-service Agricultural Machinery Equipment

作　　者：柳剑[1] 魏枭 叶进[1] 曾百功[1] 李明生[1] LIU Jian;WEI Xiao;YE Jin;ZENG Baigong;LI Mingsheng(College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学工程技术学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第S02期316-322,448,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51905450);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(SWU114038、XDJK2015B008)。

摘　　要：针对目前在役农机装备的维修策略主要采用事后维修方式,维修策略经济性差、维修效率低,甚至无法完全保证农机装备服役阶段可靠性与安全性的问题,提出了一种在役农机装备预防性成组维修策略。首先,采用模糊聚类分析法对农机装备的故障数据进行分类等级化处理,建立了基于改进竞争威布尔分布的农机装备可靠度评估模型,并对其可靠性水平进行定量化评价;其次,基于农机装备季节性服役的特征与维修的经济相关性,给出了预防性成组维修时间间隔和维修时机的算法模型;最后,考虑维修人员与农机装备服役数量之间的关系,建立了以最小维修费用为目标的算法模型,得出了农机装备成组维修计划。结合重庆市某农场10台小型联合收获机的历史故障数据以及成本数据,给出了成组维修策略在农机装备服役阶段的具体实施案例。通过2个案例分析结果表明,与传统事后维修方式相比,预防性成组维修策略减少了总维修次数,总维修费用分别降低了22.37%与19.11%,从而验证了预防性成组维修策略在农机装备服役阶段应用的有效性。本文提出的方法为农机装备维修策略的研究工作提供了参考和借鉴。The current maintenance strategy for the in-service agricultural machinery equipment is mainly post maintenance,which often results in poor economy,low maintenance efficiency,and the inability to ensure the reliability and safety of agricultural machinery equipment in service.Aiming at these problems,a preventive group maintenance strategy for in-service agricultural machinery equipment was proposed.Firstly,the fuzzy clustering analysis method was used to classify and grade the failure data of agricultural machinery equipment,and the reliability evaluation model of agricultural machinery equipment based on improved competitive Weibull distribution was established,and the reliability level of agricultural machinery equipment was quantitatively evaluated as well.Secondly,based on the seasonal service characteristics and the economic correlation of agricultural machinery equipment,the algorithm model of preventive group maintenance time interval and maintenance opportunity was given.Finally,considering the relationship between the maintenance personnel and the number of agricultural machinery equipment in service,the algorithm model with the minimum maintenance cost as the goal was established,and the group maintenance plan of agricultural machinery equipment was obtained.Combined with the historical failure data and maintenance cost data of 10 small combine harvesters in a farm in Chongqing,the specific implementation case of group maintenance strategy in the service stage of agricultural machinery equipment was given.The results showed that compared with the traditional post maintenance method,the preventive group maintenance strategy reduced the total maintenance times and the total maintenance cost by 22.37%and 19.11%,respectively,which verified the effectiveness of preventive group maintenance strategy in the service stage of agricultural machinery equipment.The proposed method provided an important reference for the research work of maintenance strategy for agricultural machinery equipment.

关 键 词：农机装备 成组维修 可靠性 维修时机 维修费用 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] S220.7[农业科学—农业机械化工程]