立式柱塞冲压生物质成型机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment on Vertical Ram Compression Molding Machine

作　　者：蔡红珍[1,2] 刘建彪 程卫东 易维明[1,2] 姜戌雅[1,2] 高锋 CAI Hongzhen;LIU Jianbiao;CHENG Weidong;YI Weiming;JIANG Xuya;GAO Feng(School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255049,China;Shandong Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Clean Energy,Zibo 255049,China;Zibo Energy Research Institute,Zibo 255049,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,淄博255049 [2]山东省清洁能源工程技术研究中心,淄博255049 [3]淄博能源研究院,淄博255049

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第S02期435-441,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1403302)。

摘　　要：针对目前生物质固化成型机多为生产生物质成型颗粒且成型颗粒质量不高、成型机高能耗等问题,提出了一种新型立式柱塞冲压的生物质固化成型方式,并制造了样机。样机以开关磁阻电机为动力源,驱动飞轮并转化为成型柱塞的上下往返直线运动,实现对模具内生物质原料的冲压成型,从而形成生物质成型块。该样机利用飞轮可积蓄能量的特性,有效降低了成型作业时的能耗。成型模具采用组合式结构设计,提高了原料适应性。以典型生物质原料玉米秸秆、松木屑为原料,在10%左右含水率、室温条件下进行了试验,结果表明该成型方法可行,且整机运行情况良好;生产的成型块密度大于等于1.2 g/cm^3,抗跌碎性指数高于95%;样机能耗为36.51 kW·h/t,各项指标均达到了相关标准的要求。该成型方法的提出和研究结果可为生物质成型机的发展提供借鉴与参考。Biomass briquette is one of the most common energy fuels in some countries.It is essential to achieve the high-quality biomass briquette,since the quality has a direct influence on the efficiency of utilization.For the purpose to improve biomass pellet quality,a method of ram compression molding machine on the basis of the numerical control pressure device was conducted.The machine adopted a switched reluctance motor which had high starting torque and can stop/start frequent as a power source.It drived the flywheel by belt drive,then converted the rotary motion of flywheel into the up and down reciprocating motion of the plunger through the screw mechanism.The machine also took the property that flywheel can accumulate energy.The die consisted of three parts,with a structure of“straightconestraight”.Any part with different size parameters can be replaced,which can suit for different biomass raw materials.Meanwhile,the lower end of the plunger always reciprocated in the die below the lower edge of the discharge port of the screw feeding device.At the moment,due to the discharge port was blocked,the biomass raw material was pre-compressed by the continuously screwing helical blade,which improved the subsequent molding efficiency.While working,the plunger would accelerate downwards based on the energy accumulated during the upward and the gravitational potential energy of the slider.Then,the biomass raw materials were compacted and squeezed out.Experiments were carried out with typical biomass raw materials,including corn stalks and sawdust.The results indicated that the molding method had a well feasibility.The briquette was 60 mm in diameter and different lengths.All the density of the briquettes was 1.2 g/cm^3 approximately,the drop resistance index was higher than 95%,and the power consumption was 36.51 kW·h/t.All indicators met the requirements of the relevant standards.The proposal of the forming machine can provide reference for the development of biomass densification technology.

关 键 词：生物质 成型机 立式 柱塞 冲压 成型块 

分 类 号：S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]