俄罗斯的记忆政治——宗教的作用及其影响  

Russia’s Memory Politics:The Role and Influence of Religion

作　　者：胡巍葳 Hu Weiwei

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学俄罗斯语言文学与文化研究中心

出　　处：《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》2020年第6期59-71,157,共14页Russian，East European & Central Asian Studies

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目“基于东正教思想的俄罗斯政治认同研究”(项目批准号:19ZJD186);“一带一路”教育国际合作2019年度专项研究课题“‘一带一路’视域下中俄高等教育合作”(项目批准号:19YDYL05)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：记忆政治在任何国家都不可或缺。在国家记忆政治中,政权主体通常运用存在于民族意识中的文化历史要素,有针对性地作用于与过去密切相关的认知和象征等。在俄罗斯,国家利用东正教传统价值观和世界观,形成针对重要历史事件、历史人物和历史现象等的特殊诠释。东正教会作为继国家之后的第二大记忆政治行为体,在本国的记忆政治中发挥重要作用:在教育体系和军队中与国家展开密切合作,通过倡议影响记忆政治决策等。俄罗斯国家与东正教会通过相互作用,共同完成对历史形象和价值观的传递:第一,将主流政治文化和思想传递给公民,令公民形成相应的政治价值观、爱国主义情感、对祖国的忠诚和责任感,并对国家政治环境作出相应反应,即政治社会化;第二,基于公民对过去、对政治价值观和政治制度的统一认知,实现民族—国家认同和公民认同,凝聚社会,维护社会稳定。Memory politics is indispensable in any country.Normally,the political power of a country uses the cultural and historical elements of national consciousness to act on the cognition and symbols closely related to the historical past.In Russia,the traditional values and world views of Orthodox are used to makespecial interpretations of important historical events,figures and phenomena.As the second largest actor after the state concerning memory politics,the Orthodox Church plays an important role in Russia:It cooperates closely with the state in the education and military system,and influences the decision making of memory politics through initiatives.Together with the Orthodox Church,the Russian state makes the transmission of historical images and values.Firstly,it delivers the mainstream political culture and ideas to citizens,thereby letting citizens form corresponding political values,patriotism as well as loyalty and responsibility to the motherland.Secondly,based on the unified cognition of citizens on the historical identity,political value and political institution,it consolidates national identity and citizen identity and thus guarantee social stability.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 记忆政治 东正教 政治社会化 认同 

分 类 号：D751.2[政治法律—政治学]