2018年登陆热带气旋“温比亚”影响中国黄淮中部强降雨分析  

Characteristics of rainstorms in central Huanghuai area influenced by a landing tropical cyclone“Rumbia”in 2018

作　　者：张端禹[1] 王飞洋 叶金桃[1] ZHANG Duan-yu;WANG Fei-yang;YE Jin-tao(Hubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Research,Institute of Heavy Rain,China Meteorological Administration,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所暴雨监测预警湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2020年第6期10-20,共11页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1502502-01和2018YFC1507200)资助。

摘　　要：利用中国气象局上海台风研究所热带气旋最佳路径数据、MICAPS常规资料、NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料和FY-2G相当黑体亮温资料,分析2018年8月17日02时至19日14时因登陆热带气旋“温比亚”影响中国黄淮中部连续2 d多的暴雨成因。结果表明:中国黄淮中部短时强降雨站次多、强度大,除了对流云的前或后边界、“列车效应”、核心区与它们之间的合并能导致短时强降雨之外,非对流云也可导致强降雨。17日黄淮中部及以南,暴雨偏在“温比亚”移动路径右侧,中层倒槽偏在低层倒槽西侧有利于触发黄淮中部强降雨。18日暴雨主要中尺度影响系统为“温比亚”北侧中、低层倒槽和偏东风急流,以及热带气旋本体环流和弱冷空气。水汽925 hPa辐合、400 hPa辐散加大,中低层温湿能量增加,是黄淮中部暴雨增幅的原因,风的垂直切变加大对强降雨具有较好的指示作用。18日20时开始渤海北岸西南风高空急流形成,低层倒槽东侧偏南气流加强北上,高、低空环流耦合导致山东北部等地暴雨发展,黄淮中部降雨则明显减弱。Based on optimal track data of tropical cyclone from China Meteorological Administration-Shanghai Typhoon Institute(CMA-STI),conventional observational data from Meteorological Information Combine Analysis and Process System(MICAPS),National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)1°×1°reanalysis data,and temperature of black body(TBB)data retrieved from the FY-2G satellite,we analyzed the causes of rainstorms occurring in the central part of Huanghuai area from 02:00 on August 17 to 14:00 on August 19,2018,influenced by a landing tropical cyclone(TC)“Rumbia”.The results showed that short-time heavy precipitation occurs at most meteorological stations,which can be triggered by the front or rear borders of convective clouds,the train effect of convective cells,the central area of deep convective clouds,and the emergence of convective cells,as well as non-convective clouds.On August 17,rainstorms occur in the central and southern Huanghuai areas,at the right side of the pathway of“Rumbia”.A middle-level inverted trough is located westward to a low-level inverted trough,which is favorable for the rainstorm formation in the central Huanghuai area.On August 18,several meso-scale systems are influencing the rainstorm,including the middle northern side of“Rumbia”,a low-level inverted trough,the easterly jets,the TC circulation,and weak cold air.The enhanced precipitation in the central Huanghuai area is resulted primarily from the increase in convergence of water vapor at 925 hPa and divergence of water vapor at 400 hPa,and the increase of middle-and low-level equivalent potential temperature.The increase of vertical wind shear is a good indicator of strong precipitation.After 20:00 on August 18,upper-level southwesterly jets begin to form,and southerly winds along the east of low-level inverted trough enhance and move northward.With the coupling of upper-and low-level circulation,rainstorm in northern Shandong province develops,and rainstorm in the central Huanghuai area becomes weak obviously.

关 键 词：登陆热带气旋 黄淮中部 降雨非对称 暴雨增幅 弱冷空气 风垂直切变 

分 类 号：P458.124[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]