题元角色句法配位的词汇语义制约  

Lexical Semantic Constraints on Syntactic Realization of Thematic Roles

作　　者：张黎 孙道功[1,2] Zhang-Li;SUN Dao-gong

机构地区：[1]信阳学院文学院,河南信阳464000 [2]南京师范大学文学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《南京师范大学文学院学报》2020年第4期181-188,共8页Journal of School of Chinese Language and Culture Nanjing Normal University

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目“现代汉语句法-语义接口的语用制约研究”(编号:20BYY168);江苏省哲学社会科学基金项目“‘词汇–句法语义’链接知识库的开发与应用研究”(编号:19YYB008);教育部人文社科规划基金项目“基于语义知识库的名核结构的‘句法–语义’接口研究”(编号:19YJA740048)。

摘　　要：题元角色的句法配位是“句法–语义”接口的重要环节。本文基于标注语料库,以三种不同价类的典型动词为研究对象,考察了基本题元角色句法配位的词汇语义制约特点。结论认为:(1)同一价类动词所关涉的基本题元角色类型和数量通常具有一致性,不同价类动词因为词汇语义特征不同表现出差异性。(2)基本题元角色句法配位的共性表现为施事配位的原型位置是主语,受事和与事配位的原型位置是宾语。(3)句法配位有原型和非原型位置之别,原型位置在数量上占有优势且不具有受限性;非原型位置数量少且具有受限性,通常只出现于某种特殊句式且为了凸显特殊的语用效果。As the important segment of the“syntax-semantics”interface,the syntactic realization of role categories is related to the generation of the syntactic structure.Based on the semantic knowledge base,taking the different valence verbs as typical examples,this paper examines the syntactic realization of basic role categories and their semantic constraints.The Conclusion is that:(1)The same valence verbs usually have the same thematic roles,and different valence verbs show differences because of different lexical meanings.(2)The syntactic realization of the same basic thematic role shows uniformity that prototype position of agent is subject,and prototype position of patient and giving role are object.(3)The syntactic realization of thematic roles have the difference between prototype and the non-prototype position.The prototype position which has the advantage in quantity with no limitation;But the non-prototype position is exactly the opposite which it only appears in some special sentence pattern for the special pragmatic effect.

关 键 词：题元角色 句法配位 语义制约 标注语料库 

分 类 号：H031[语言文字—语言学]