可双轴联动的太阳跟踪装置设计与试验研究  

Design and experimental study of the solar tracker with two-axis interlock

作　　者：张学刚 谢永春[2] 黄小兵 ZHANG Xue-gang;XIE Yong-chun;HUANG Xiao-bing(School of Intelligent Manufacturing,Panzhihua University,Panzhihua 617000;Network and Computer Center,Panzhihua University,Panzhihua 617000;School of Transportation and Automotive Engineering,Panzhihua University,Panzhihua 617000)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花学院智能制造学院,四川攀枝花617000 [2]攀枝花学院网络与计算机中心,四川攀枝花617000 [3]攀枝花学院交通与汽车工程学院,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《机械设计》2020年第11期85-93,共9页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：四川省教育厅科技项目(16ZB0477);太阳能技术集成及应用推广四川省高校重点实验室项目(TYN2015-02);四川省科技创新苗子工程项目(2016105)。

摘　　要：为了降低跟踪装置成本,设计了一种可实现双轴联动的太阳跟踪装置。首先,基于太阳高度角和方位角的变化规律,分析了跟踪装置上滑块的理论运动轨迹,确定了装置的几何参数。然后,研究了m×n个跟踪装置阵列安装时,电池板间的投影干涉,并提出了优化安装间距和电池板宽度的方法。最后,测试了装置的跟踪精度。研究表明,该装置高度角上的跟踪精度在-0.5°~0.7°之间,方位角上的跟踪精度在-0.4°~0.3°之间。该装置在高纬度地区可以实现全年完全跟踪,当太阳方位角大于90°小于-90°时,不能实现完全跟踪。In this article,for the reduced cost of tracking devices,a solar tracker with two-axis interlock is developed. Firstly,based on the changing laws of solar elevation and azimuth,the theoretical motion trajectory of the slider on the solar tracker is analyzed,and the geometric parameters of the solar tracker are identified. Then,when m×n solar tracker arrays are installed,the shadow interference between the panels is explored,and the method of optimizing the installation spacing and the panel width is proposed. Finally,the tracking accuracy is tested. The research shows that the tracking accuracy in the aspect of the solar elevation is-0. 5° ~0. 7°,while the tracking accuracy in the aspect of the solar azimuth is-0. 4° ~0. 3°. The solar tracker ensures full tracking throughout the year at high latitudes. When the solar azimuth is greater than 90° and less than-90°,full tracking cannot be ensured.

关 键 词：太阳跟踪器 双轴跟踪装置 投影干涉 双轴联动 安装间距 

分 类 号：TK513.4[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]