中国柯本气候分类  

Koppen s climate classification map for China

作　　者：王婷 周道玮[1] 神祥金[1] 范高华 张慧 WANG Ting;ZHOU Daowei;SHEN Xiangjin;FAN Gaohua;ZHANG Hui(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming,Changchun 130102,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Tourism and Geographical Sciences,Jilin Normal University,Jilin Siping 136000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所/吉林省草地畜牧重点实验室,长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]吉林师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《气象科学》2020年第6期752-760,共9页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500606)。

摘　　要：利用中国734个气象站点1957—2016年的气温和降水量数据,结合柯本气候分类,采用薄板样条插值法,研究中国柯本气候分类的时空分布及变化特征。结果表明:1957—2016年中国包括5个气候带,其中赤道气候带(0.17%)包括热带季风和热带疏林草原气候,干旱气候带(41.38%)包括冷性沙漠和冷性草原气候,暖温气候带(25.53%)包括热夏冬干暖温、温夏冬干暖温、热夏常湿暖温以及温夏常湿暖温气候类型,冷温气候带(28.44%)包括热夏冬干冷温、温夏冬干冷温、冷夏冬干冷温、热夏常湿冷温、温夏常湿冷温以及冷夏常湿冷温气候类型,极地气候带(4.48%)仅有苔原气候。在此60 a,气候变化主要体现在冷温气候带向干燥气候带和暖温气候带的转移,以及冷温气候带中冷夏向温夏的转移和温夏向热夏的转移。Based on long-term monthly precipitation and temperature data from 734 weather stations during 1957-2016,the temporal-spatial distribution and variation characteristics of Koppen climate classification in China were analyzed.Climatic variables used in the Koppen system were calculated for each station and interpolated using Thin Plate Spline(TPS)with ARC/INFO onto 0.1°×0.1°grid for each continent.The results show that:China included five Koppen climate zones:tropical,arid,temperate,cold and polar climate zones.The tropical climate zone accounted for 0.17%of the study area,and included tropical monsoon climate class and tropical savannah climate class;the arid climate zone accounted for 41.38%of the study area,and it included cold desert climate class and cold steppe climate class;the temperate climate zone accounted for 25.53%of the study area,including hot summer-dry winter temperate climate class,warm summer-dry winter temperate climate class and hot summer-without dry season temperate climate class,warm summer-without dry season temperate climate class;the cold climate zone accounted for 28.44%of the study area,including hot summer-dry winter cold climate class,warm summer-dry winter cold climate class,cold summer-dry winter cold climate class and hot summer-without dry season cold climate class,warm summer-without dry season cold climate class,cold summer-without dry season cold climate class;the polar climate zone accounted for 4.48%of the study area,and only included the tundra climate.During the 60 years in this study,climate changes were mainly reflected in the transfers of climate zone from cold to temperate and dry,as well as the transfers of climate class from cold summer to warm summer and from warm summer to hot summer in the cold climate zone.

关 键 词：柯本气候分类法 气候分类 气候变化 中国 

分 类 号：P462.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]