东北春玉米区不同耕作方式对玉米钾素积累分配的影响  

Effect of Different Tillageson Potassium Accumulation and Distribution of Maize in Northeast of China

作　　者：王晓慧[1] 任英[1] 曹玉军[1] 魏雯雯[1] 刘春光[1] 王永军[1] 韩喜国[1] WANG Xiao-hui;REN Ying;CAO Yu-jun;WEI Wen-wen;LIU Chun-guang;WANG Yong-jun;HAN Xi-guo(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,hangchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,长春130033

出　　处：《玉米科学》2020年第6期142-147,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD07B02);国家自然科学基金项目(31201159)。

摘　　要：以先玉335为试验材料,在大田条件下设苗带紧行间松(MJ)、苗带松行间紧(MS)、全紧(QJ)和全松(QS)4种耕作方式处理,研究耕作方式对春玉米子粒重量及各器官钾含量、钾素吸收、积累和利用的影响。结果表明,苗带紧行间松型耕作方式下玉米单株粒重显著高于其他3种耕作方式,苗带松行间紧、全松和全紧型耕作方式的玉米子粒重量差异不显著。开花期,苗带紧行间松型耕作方式下玉米茎秆的钾素积累量最高,钾素含量与其他处理差异不显著;成熟期,苗带紧行间松型耕作方式下玉米叶片和子粒的钾素积累量最高,叶片的钾素含量最高,根系和茎秆的钾素含量最低。苗带紧行间松型耕作方式的钾素偏生产力和钾素吸收效率最高。对单株粒重与钾效率各参数的相关分析表明,单株粒重与钾素子粒生产效率、钾素吸收效率、单株干物重和钾素收获指数呈显著正相关,与钾素偏生产力呈极显著正相关。综合考虑钾素吸收、积累和子粒产量,苗带紧行间松型耕作方式为最佳耕作方式。Xianyu335 were chosen as the experiment material.A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of four tillage methods(compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage,loose seedbed and compact ridge furrow alternative tillage,all compact with seedbed and furrow tillage,all loose with seedbed and furrow tillage)on the grain weight,potassium content,potassium absorption,accumulation and utilization of spring maize.The result showed that the grain weightper plant of compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage was the highest among these 4 tillage methods.There were no significant difference between other tillage methods.Thepotassium accumulation of stem in compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage were highest at flowering stage,but have no difference of potassium content with other treatment.Potassium accumulation of leaves,grains and potassium content of leaves in compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage were the highest,but the potassium content of root and stem was the lowest at maturing stage.Potassium partial productivity and potassium uptake efficiency of maize in compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage were significantly higher than other tillages.The correlation analysis showed thatgrain weight per plant was significantly and positively correlated topotassium grain production efficiency,potassium uptake efficiency,plant dry matter weight and potassium harvest index,and highly significantly and positively correlated to potassium partial productivity.All things considered,compact seedbed and loose ridge furrow alternative tillage was the best tillage method in the actual production.

关 键 词：玉米 耕作方式 钾素吸收 钾素积累 子粒产量 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]